Calcium oxalate crystals

Calcium oxalate is a calcium salt of oxalic acid with the chemical formula CaC2O4. It is a common substance found in nature and is a major component of most kidney stones, and is found in other organs as well.

Formation and Structure

Calcium oxalate crystals are formed when calcium ions combine with oxalate ions in the body. This can occur when there is an excess of either calcium or oxalate in the body, or when the body is not able to effectively eliminate these substances. The crystals are usually shaped like a pyramid or a dumbbell, but can also take on other forms.

Health Implications

In the human body, calcium oxalate is a significant contributor to the formation of kidney stones. These stones can cause severe pain and other complications if they block the flow of urine. In addition, calcium oxalate crystals can also form in other parts of the body, such as the eyes, skin, and joints, leading to various health problems.

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention of calcium oxalate crystal formation primarily involves dietary changes. This includes limiting intake of foods high in oxalate, such as spinach, rhubarb, and almonds, and increasing intake of foods high in calcium, which can bind to oxalate in the gut and prevent it from being absorbed into the body. Treatment of conditions caused by calcium oxalate crystals, such as kidney stones, typically involves medication to dissolve the crystals, and in severe cases, surgery may be required.

See Also

• Kidney stones
• Oxalic acid
• Calcium