California mule deer

Odocoileus hemionus 08482

The California mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus californicus) is a subspecies of mule deer found primarily in the state of California. It is one of the several subspecies of the mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus).

Description

The California mule deer is characterized by its large ears, which are about three-fourths the length of its head. The coat is generally a light brown or grayish color, with a white rump patch and a small, black-tipped tail. Bucks (males) typically have antlers that fork in an upward direction.

Habitat

This subspecies is commonly found in a variety of habitats including chaparral, oak woodland, and coniferous forests. They are well adapted to the diverse climates of California, from the coastal ranges to the Sierra Nevada.

Diet

The California mule deer is primarily a herbivore, feeding on a variety of plants, including grasses, shrubs, and forbs. They are known to browse on acorns, berries, and the leaves of various shrubs.

Behavior

These deer are generally crepuscular, being most active during the early morning and late afternoon. They are known for their distinctive bounding leap, known as "stotting" or "pronking," which is used to escape predators.

Reproduction

The breeding season, or rut, occurs in the fall. Bucks will compete for does (females) by engaging in antler wrestling. After a gestation period of about 200 days, does give birth to one or two fawns, usually in the late spring or early summer.

Conservation

The California mule deer is currently listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, although habitat loss and fragmentation pose ongoing threats. Conservation efforts focus on habitat preservation and management.

See also

• Mule deer
• White-tailed deer
• Black-tailed deer
• Odocoileus