Camphora

Camphora is a terpenoid with the chemical formula C₁₀H₁₆O. It is a white, crystalline substance with a strong odor. Camphora is found in the wood of the camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora), a large evergreen tree native to Asia, particularly in China, Taiwan, and Japan. It can also be synthetically produced from turpentine oil.

History

Camphora has been used for centuries in traditional medicine and as a component in religious ceremonies. It was historically used as a remedy for various ailments, including coughs, colds, and inflammation. In the 19th century, camphora was a common ingredient in liniments and balms.

Production

Camphora is extracted from the camphor tree through a process of steam distillation. The wood is chipped and steamed, and the vapor is condensed to yield camphora crystals. Synthetic camphora is produced from alpha-pinene, a compound found in turpentine oil.

Uses

Camphora has a variety of uses, including:

• Medicinal: It is used in topical medications to relieve pain and reduce itching. It is also an ingredient in some cough and cold remedies.
• Aromatic: Camphora is used in the production of incense and as a moth repellent.
• Plasticizer: It is used in the manufacture of celluloid and other plastics.
• Explosives: Camphora is a component in the production of smokeless powder.

Safety and Toxicity

While camphora has medicinal benefits, it can be toxic if ingested in large quantities. Symptoms of camphora poisoning include nausea, vomiting, and seizures. It is important to use camphora-containing products as directed and to keep them out of reach of children.

Related Pages

• Terpenoid
• Cinnamomum camphora
• Turpentine oil
• Alpha-pinene
• Incense
• Celluloid
• Smokeless powder