Capitate

Capitate bone

Latin	Os capitatum
Articulations	Scaphoid bone, Lunate bone, Hamate bone, Trapezoid bone, Third metacarpal bone
System	Skeletal system

The capitate bone is one of the eight carpal bones that form the wrist, which connects the hand to the forearm. It is the largest of the carpal bones and is centrally located within the wrist, making it a key element in the complex movements of the hand. The capitate bone articulates with several other bones in the wrist and hand, including the scaphoid bone, lunate bone, hamate bone, trapezoid bone, and the third metacarpal bone.

Structure

The capitate bone is roughly cylindrical in shape and presents with a rounded head that fits into the concavity formed by the scaphoid and lunate bones. This configuration allows it to act as a pivotal point during wrist motion. The proximal surface of the capitate bone articulates with the lunate bone, while its distal surface connects with the base of the third metacarpal bone.

Function

The primary function of the capitate bone is to facilitate movement in the wrist and hand. It plays a crucial role in the transmission of forces from the hand to the forearm and vice versa. Due to its central location, the capitate is involved in many of the wrist's complex motions, including flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

Clinical Significance

Injuries to the capitate bone, such as fractures, can impair wrist function and require medical attention. These injuries are typically caused by direct trauma to the wrist or from falls where the hand is extended to break the fall. Diagnosis is usually confirmed through X-ray imaging.

See Also

• Carpal bones
• Wrist
• Hand anatomy