Cardiac gland

Cardiac Gland

The cardiac gland is a type of exocrine gland found in the human body, specifically in the stomach. It is named for its proximity to the cardia, the anatomical term for the area where the esophagus meets the stomach.

Structure

The cardiac gland is located in the cardiac region of the stomach, which is the area surrounding the cardia. The gland is composed of simple columnar epithelium, which is a type of tissue that lines the inner surface of the stomach. The cells of the cardiac gland secrete mucus, a viscous fluid that protects the stomach lining from the corrosive effects of gastric acid.

Function

The primary function of the cardiac gland is to produce and secrete mucus. This mucus serves several important roles in the digestive system. It provides a protective barrier between the stomach lining and the acidic gastric juices, preventing gastric ulcers and other forms of damage. The mucus also lubricates the stomach, aiding in the passage of food and reducing friction during digestion.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities in the cardiac gland can lead to a variety of medical conditions. For example, hyperplasia of the cardiac gland, in which the gland grows excessively, can result in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Conversely, atrophy of the cardiac gland, in which the gland shrinks or wastes away, can lead to gastric cancer.

See Also

• Gastric gland
• Pyloric gland
• Digestive system
• Gastroenterology