Cardiobacteriaceae

A family of bacteria within the order Cardiobacteriales

Cardiobacteriaceae

Cardiobacterium hominis

The Cardiobacteriaceae are a family of Gram-negative bacteria within the order Cardiobacteriales. This family is known for its role in human infections, particularly in the context of endocarditis. The most notable genus within this family is Cardiobacterium, which includes the species Cardiobacterium hominis.

Characteristics

Members of the Cardiobacteriaceae family are characterized by their Gram-negative cell wall structure, which is typical of many Proteobacteria. They are facultatively anaerobic, meaning they can survive in both the presence and absence of oxygen. These bacteria are often found as part of the normal flora of the human oropharynx, but they can become pathogenic under certain conditions.

Pathogenicity

Cardiobacterium hominis is the most clinically significant species within the Cardiobacteriaceae family. It is a rare cause of infective endocarditis, an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves. This condition is often associated with pre-existing heart conditions or dental procedures that allow the bacteria to enter the bloodstream.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of infections caused by Cardiobacteriaceae typically involves blood cultures and molecular techniques such as PCR to identify the bacterial species. Treatment usually involves prolonged courses of antibiotics, as these bacteria can be resistant to some common antibiotics. The choice of antibiotic may depend on the specific susceptibility profile of the bacterial isolate.

Related pages

• Gram-negative bacteria
• Endocarditis
• Proteobacteria
• Infective endocarditis