Cercopithecine alphaherpesvirus 2
Cercopithecine alphaherpesvirus 2 (CeHV-2), also known as Herpesvirus simiae, is a member of the Herpesviridae family, specifically classified under the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily. This virus primarily infects Old World monkeys, particularly those of the genus Cercopithecus. CeHV-2 is closely related to the Herpes simplex virus (HSV) found in humans, sharing many biological and pathological characteristics.
Virology[edit | edit source]
CeHV-2 is an enveloped virus with a double-stranded DNA genome. The virus exhibits a lytic cycle in its natural hosts, leading to the destruction of infected cells and the release of viral particles. Like other alphaherpesviruses, CeHV-2 can establish latent infections, where the viral genome persists in a dormant state within the host's neurons. Reactivation of the virus can occur under certain conditions, such as stress or immunosuppression.
Pathogenesis[edit | edit source]
In its natural hosts, CeHV-2 typically causes mild or asymptomatic infections. However, in non-natural hosts, including humans, the virus can lead to severe disease. Human infections with CeHV-2 are rare but can result in serious neurological complications, including encephalitis, which can be fatal if not treated promptly.
Transmission[edit | edit source]
CeHV-2 is primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, such as saliva or genital secretions. In laboratory settings, transmission can occur through bites, scratches, or exposure to contaminated surfaces. Proper handling and safety protocols are essential to prevent zoonotic transmission to humans.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of CeHV-2 infection involves serological tests to detect specific antibodies or molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify viral DNA. Due to the potential severity of human infections, rapid and accurate diagnosis is crucial.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Antiviral medications, such as acyclovir, are used to treat CeHV-2 infections. Early intervention is critical to prevent severe outcomes, especially in cases involving central nervous system involvement.
Research and Implications[edit | edit source]
CeHV-2 serves as an important model for studying herpesvirus infections and pathogenesis. Research on CeHV-2 contributes to a better understanding of viral latency, reactivation, and cross-species transmission. Insights gained from CeHV-2 studies can inform the development of vaccines and therapeutics for related human herpesviruses.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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| Kingdom | Virus |
| Order | Herpesvirales |
| Family | Herpesviridae |
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