Epstein–Barr virus

From WikiMD's Wellnesspedia

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), also known as human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is one of the nine known human herpesvirus types. It is one of the most common viruses in humans, with most people becoming infected at some point in their lives.

History[edit | edit source]

The virus was first discovered in 1964 by Michael Epstein and Yvonne Barr, hence its name. They discovered the virus while studying a form of cancer known as Burkitt's lymphoma that was prevalent in Africa.

Characteristics[edit | edit source]

EBV is a member of the Herpesviridae family, which is known for its ability to establish lifelong infections in hosts. It is a large, enveloped virus with a double-stranded DNA genome. The virus primarily infects B cells (a type of white blood cell), but can also infect epithelial cells.

Transmission[edit | edit source]

EBV is most commonly transmitted through bodily fluids, primarily saliva. This has led to it being colloquially known as the "kissing disease". It can also be transmitted through blood and semen during sexual contact, blood transfusions, and organ transplantations.

Diseases associated with EBV[edit | edit source]

EBV is best known for causing infectious mononucleosis, also known as "mono" or "glandular fever". However, infection with EBV can also lead to various other diseases, including certain types of cancer such as Hodgkin's lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, gastric cancer, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It can also cause conditions such as chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Prevention and treatment[edit | edit source]

There is currently no vaccine available to prevent EBV infection. Treatment for diseases caused by EBV is generally aimed at easing symptoms and includes rest, hydration, and over-the-counter pain relievers. Antiviral medications are sometimes used in severe cases.

See also[edit | edit source]

Resources[edit source]

Latest articles - Epstein–Barr virus

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AI tools[edit source]

Generative AI tools and links to learn more on Epstein–Barr virus: ChatGPT - Bing Chat - Google Gemini. (caution advised).


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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD