Cerium(III) fluoride

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Cerium(III) fluoride, also known as cerium trifluoride, is a chemical compound with the formula CeF₃. It is one of the fluoride compounds of cerium, a lanthanide and rare earth element. Cerium(III) fluoride is a white to pale green, insoluble solid that is primarily used in the glass and ceramics industry, as well as in research applications involving fluoride chemistry and solid state physics.

Properties

Cerium(III) fluoride is characterized by its high melting point and low solubility in water. It is a stable compound that does not readily react with water or dilute acids. It is, however, soluble in strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, forming corresponding cerium(III) solutions. The compound has a trigonal crystal structure, which is common among lanthanide trifluorides.

Synthesis

Cerium(III) fluoride can be synthesized by reacting cerium(III) oxide (Ce₂O₃) with hydrofluoric acid (HF), producing CeF₃ and water. The reaction can be represented as: \[2 \, \text{Ce}_2\text{O}_3 + 12 \, \text{HF} \rightarrow 4 \, \text{CeF}_3 + 6 \, \text{H}_2\text{O}\] Alternatively, it can be produced by the reaction of cerium metal with fluorine gas.

Applications

Cerium(III) fluoride has several applications, mainly in the field of materials science and optical components. It is used as a dopant in glass manufacturing, where it contributes to the glass's color and optical properties. In addition, it is used in the production of fluoride glasses and ceramics, as well as in phosphors and scintillators due to its luminescent properties. Its high resistance to radiation damage makes it useful in nuclear and radiation detection applications.

Safety

As with many fluoride compounds, cerium(III) fluoride should be handled with care. Inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact can lead to fluoride poisoning, which can be serious or even fatal. Appropriate safety measures, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), should be employed when handling this compound.

See Also

• Cerium
• Fluoride
• Lanthanide
• Glass
• Ceramics