Changeling

Füssli - Der Wechselbalg - 1780

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John Bauer - The Princess and the Trolls - Google Art Project

Changeling refers to a creature found in European folklore and myth, believed to be a fairy, troll, elf, or other supernatural being that has been secretly left in the place of a human child. The concept of the changeling is often used to explain the phenomena of children born with abnormalities or those who suddenly fall ill or exhibit significantly different behavior from their siblings.

Origins and Beliefs

The belief in changelings stems from a time when infant mortality was high and the knowledge of medical conditions was limited. Various cultures have their interpretations, but the theme of a non-human child being swapped with a human child is a common thread. In Ireland, Scotland, and parts of Scandinavia, the changeling myth was particularly prevalent. These stories were often used to rationalize the disabilities or disorders that were not understood at the time, such as autism, cerebral palsy, and Down syndrome.

Characteristics

Changelings are described in folklore as being noticeably different from human children. They may have an unusual appearance, display precocious intelligence, or have insatiable appetites. In some tales, changelings are incapable of growing, remain sullen, and do not speak. The folklore surrounding changelings is rich with descriptions of how to identify and return them to their supernatural parents. Methods ranged from treating the changeling cruelly, tricking the changeling into revealing itself, or performing a ritual to force the exchange back.

Cultural Impact

The changeling myth has had a significant impact on literature, film, and music, serving as a metaphor for alienation, loss, and the complexities of parental love. It has been explored in various genres, reflecting societal attitudes towards disability, difference, and the unknown.

Modern Interpretations

In contemporary times, the changeling myth is often revisited in the context of discussions about child development and the acceptance of children with disabilities. It serves as a historical example of how societies have attempted to explain and cope with the unexplainable.

See Also

• Folklore
• Mythology
• Fairy
• Troll
• Elf