Choroidal fissure cyst

Choroidal fissure cyst - CT - coronar

Choroidal fissure cysts are benign (non-cancerous) cysts located within the choroidal fissure, an area in the brain where the temporal lobe and the diencephalon meet. These cysts are filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and are considered a type of arachnoid cyst, as they are lined with arachnoid cells. Choroidal fissure cysts are typically congenital, meaning they are present at birth, though they are often diagnosed in adulthood incidentally during imaging for unrelated issues.

Causes and Diagnosis

The exact cause of choroidal fissure cysts is not well understood, but they are thought to arise from a split or duplication in the arachnoid membrane during fetal development. These cysts are usually asymptomatic and are often discovered incidentally during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans conducted for other reasons. In some cases, if the cysts become large enough, they may cause symptoms related to pressure on adjacent brain structures, such as headaches, seizures, or memory disturbances.

Treatment

Treatment for choroidal fissure cysts is typically conservative, focusing on monitoring the cyst for any changes in size or the emergence of symptoms. Surgical intervention may be considered in symptomatic cases, where the cysts cause significant pressure effects or contribute to seizures. Surgical options include cyst fenestration or excision, procedures aimed at draining the cyst or removing it to relieve pressure on surrounding brain tissue.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with choroidal fissure cysts is generally excellent, especially for those who are asymptomatic. For patients undergoing surgery, outcomes are typically favorable, with many experiencing relief from symptoms and a low risk of complications. Regular follow-up with imaging studies may be recommended to monitor for changes in cyst size.