Chromium(III) chloride

Chromium(III) chloride (also known as chromic chloride) is an inorganic compound with the formula CrCl3. It is a high melting white solid used mainly for electroplating chromium onto other metals.

Properties

Chromium(III) chloride is a hygroscopic compound, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air. It is also deliquescent, meaning it can dissolve in the moisture it absorbs. When dissolved in water, chromium(III) chloride forms a green solution.

Structure

Chromium(III) chloride crystallizes with a cubic structure. This structure is similar to that of sodium chloride, with each chromium(III) ion surrounded by six chloride ions, and each chloride ion surrounded by six chromium(III) ions.

Preparation

Chromium(III) chloride can be prepared by direct combination of chromium and chlorine at high temperatures, or by reduction of chromium(VI) chloride with hydrogen.

Uses

Chromium(III) chloride is used in the electroplating industry for the production of protective coatings on other metals. It is also used as a catalyst in various chemical reactions.

Safety

Chromium(III) chloride is considered to be of low toxicity. However, it can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It is also harmful if swallowed.

See also

• Chromium
• Chlorine
• Inorganic compound
• Electroplating