Cissus

Starr 071024-9714 Cissus nodosa

Cissus is a genus of approximately 350 species of vines in the family Vitaceae. The genus is native to the tropics and subtropics of the world, with the highest diversity in Africa and Asia. The name Cissus is derived from the Greek word for "ivy."

Description

Cissus species are typically climbing plants that use tendrils to support themselves. They have simple, alternate leaves that are often lobed or toothed. The flowers are small and usually greenish, borne in clusters. The fruit is a berry, which can be red, black, or purple when ripe.

Distribution and Habitat

Cissus species are found in a variety of habitats, including rainforests, savannas, and deserts. They are particularly common in tropical and subtropical regions. Some species are adapted to dry conditions and can be found in arid environments.

Uses

Several species of Cissus are used in traditional medicine. For example, Cissus quadrangularis is used in Ayurveda and other traditional medicine systems for its purported benefits in bone health and weight management. Some species are also grown as ornamental plants for their attractive foliage and climbing habit.

Notable Species

• Cissus antarctica - commonly known as the Kangaroo Vine, native to Australia.
• Cissus quadrangularis - known for its use in traditional medicine.
• Cissus rhombifolia - commonly known as the Grape Ivy, popular as a houseplant.

Cultivation

Cissus species are generally easy to grow and can be propagated from cuttings. They prefer well-drained soil and can tolerate a range of light conditions, from full sun to partial shade. Regular watering is essential, especially during the growing season.

Ecology

Cissus plants play a role in their ecosystems by providing food and habitat for various animals. The berries are eaten by birds and other wildlife, which helps in seed dispersal. The dense foliage offers shelter for insects and small animals.

Gallery

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  Cissus quadrangularis

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  Cissus antarctica

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  Cissus rhombifolia

See Also

• Vitaceae
• Climbing plant
• Traditional medicine