Cleome

Cleome chelidonii in AP W IMG 9951

Cleome chelidonii plant

Cleome foliosa IMG 8601

Starr 061128-1587 Cleome gynandra

Spider flower -- Cleome 'Inncleosr' Senorita Rosalita

Cleome is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cleomaceae, which is native to various parts of the world including Africa, the Americas, and Asia. The plants in this genus are commonly known as spider flowers, a name derived from their distinctive flower shape, which features long, protruding stamens that resemble spider legs. Cleome species are versatile plants, used in horticulture as ornamental plants, and in some regions, certain species are utilized in traditional medicine or as food.

Description

Cleome species are annual or perennial plants, varying greatly in size and form. They can grow as short-stemmed bushes or tall plants, reaching up to 1.5 meters in height. The leaves of Cleome are typically compound, with three to seven leaflets arranged in a palmate fashion. The flowers are borne in racemes and exhibit a range of colors from white and pink to purple and yellow. The distinctive feature of Cleome flowers is their long, extended stamens that extend well beyond the petals, giving the flowers a spider-like appearance.

Distribution and Habitat

Cleome is widely distributed across tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In the Americas, Cleome species can be found from the southern United States down to Argentina. In Africa, they are present in various habitats from the Mediterranean coast to South Africa. In Asia, their presence extends from the Middle East to Southeast Asia. Cleome species are adaptable to a variety of habitats, from arid deserts to moist forests, indicating their versatile nature in terms of ecological adaptation.

Uses

1. 1. 1. Horticulture ###

Cleome is popular in gardens and landscapes for its unique flower structure and the height it can provide in floral arrangements. Species such as Cleome hassleriana are commonly cultivated for their ornamental value. They are used in borders, as background plants, or in mass plantings for a dramatic effect.

1. 1. 1. Traditional Medicine and Food ###

In some cultures, Cleome species are used in traditional medicine. For example, parts of the plant are used for their purported anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Additionally, in some parts of Africa, the leaves of certain Cleome species are consumed as vegetables, adding a nutritional component to the diet.

Cultivation

Cleome species are relatively easy to cultivate. They prefer full sun and well-drained soil but can tolerate a range of soil types. These plants are drought-resistant once established, making them suitable for xeriscaping. Cleome can be propagated from seed, which is often sown directly in the desired location in the garden. They may self-seed prolifically, ensuring their presence in the garden year after year.

Conservation

While many Cleome species are common and not considered at risk, habitat destruction and overharvesting for medicinal or food purposes have put some species at risk. Conservation efforts are necessary to ensure the survival of less common and more vulnerable species within the genus.