Cold chill

Goose bumps

Cold chill, often referred to simply as a chill, is a sensation of coldness accompanied by shivering or trembling. It can occur in the absence of actual cold temperatures, often as a response to illness or fever. Chills are a common symptom of the body's reaction to various conditions, including infections such as the flu or pneumonia, and can also be triggered by emotional reactions.

Causes

Chills are primarily caused by rapid muscle contraction and relaxation, known as shivering, which generates heat when the body is cold. However, chills without fever can be caused by a number of factors:

• Infection: The body's response to infection can cause an increase in body temperature and a feeling of coldness as the body tries to manage its temperature regulation.
• Exposure to cold: Actual exposure to cold environments can lead to chills as the body attempts to preserve heat.
• Psychological factors: Emotional stress or anxiety can trigger physical responses in the body, including chills.
• Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar can trigger a cold sweat and chills among other symptoms.
• Hypothyroidism: An underactive thyroid can lead to feeling cold and experiencing chills.

Symptoms

Chills are often accompanied by other symptoms depending on the underlying cause. When related to an infection, chills may precede or accompany a fever. Other symptoms might include:

• Fever
• Sweating
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Fatigue

Treatment

Treatment for chills depends on the underlying cause. If chills are due to exposure to cold, moving to a warmer environment and wearing warm clothing can help. When caused by an infection, treating the infection itself is necessary, which may involve the use of antibiotics or other medications. In cases where chills are a symptom of another condition, such as hypothyroidism, managing that condition will help alleviate the chills.

Prevention

Preventing chills involves addressing the underlying causes:

• Avoiding prolonged exposure to cold temperatures and dressing warmly can prevent chills caused by the cold.
• Regular hand washing and maintaining a healthy immune system can help prevent infections that may cause chills.
• Managing stress and anxiety can reduce the occurrence of chills related to psychological factors.