Compressibility

Compressibility is a measure of the relative volume change of a fluid or solid as a response to a pressure (or mean stress) change. In other words, it is the reciprocal of bulk modulus.

Definition

The compressibility of a substance measures how much it will compress under a given amount of external pressure. It is defined as the fractional change in volume per unit increase in pressure. The standard unit of compressibility is the reciprocal of pressure, such as pascal-1 (Pa−1) in the International System of Units (SI) or the reciprocal of an atmosphere (atm−1).

Compressibility of Fluids

In fluid dynamics, the compressibility of a fluid can be described by a compressibility factor. This factor is used in the calculation of the change in the density of a fluid as it moves through a compressor or turbine.

Compressibility of Solids

In solid mechanics, the compressibility of a solid is a measure of its ability to deform under pressure. This is typically measured in terms of the bulk modulus, which is the ratio of volumetric stress to volumetric strain.

Applications

Compressibility is an important factor in many areas of science and engineering, including the design of aircraft and rocket engines, the study of seismic waves, and the manufacture of plastic and metal products.

See Also

• Bulk modulus
• Fluid dynamics
• Solid mechanics
• Pressure

Compressibility Resources
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