Conduction system
Conduction System is a complex network of cells and pathways in the heart that controls the rhythm and rate of the heartbeat. It ensures that the heart's chambers contract in a coordinated and orderly manner, allowing blood to be pumped efficiently to the body.
Anatomy of the Conduction System[edit | edit source]
The conduction system consists of several key components:
- Sinoatrial Node (SA Node): Often referred to as the heart's natural pacemaker, the SA node initiates each heartbeat by sending an electrical signal that spreads across the atria, causing them to contract and pump blood into the ventricles.
- Atrioventricular Node (AV Node): Located between the atria and ventricles, the AV node delays the electrical signal from the SA node before passing it onto the ventricles. This delay allows the ventricles to fill with blood before they contract.
- Bundle of His: This pathway carries the electrical signal from the AV node to the ventricles.
- Purkinje Fibers: These fibers spread the electrical signal throughout the ventricles, causing them to contract and pump blood to the body.
Function of the Conduction System[edit | edit source]
The conduction system controls the heart rate and rhythm, ensuring that the heart beats in a coordinated and efficient manner. It does this by generating and transmitting electrical signals that cause the heart's chambers to contract and relax.
Disorders of the Conduction System[edit | edit source]
Disorders of the conduction system can lead to arrhythmias, or abnormal heart rhythms. These can include:
- Bradycardia: A slower than normal heart rate.
- Tachycardia: A faster than normal heart rate.
- Atrial Fibrillation: A rapid, irregular heartbeat in the atria.
- Ventricular Fibrillation: A rapid, irregular heartbeat in the ventricles.
Treatment for these conditions can include medication, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery or the implantation of a pacemaker or defibrillator.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
