Condyloid

Condyloid is a type of synovial joint where the articular surface of one bone is concave and the other is convex, allowing for movements in two planes without rotation. The term "condyloid" is derived from the Greek words "kondule" meaning knuckle and "eidos" meaning form or shape.

Anatomy

The condyloid joint is also known as the ellipsoidal joint. It is one of the six types of synovial joints in the human body. The other types include the pivot joint, hinge joint, saddle joint, plane joint, and ball and socket joint.

The condyloid joint allows for two types of movement: flexion-extension and abduction-adduction. This is due to the oval-shaped end of one bone fitting into the elliptical cavity of another bone. Examples of condyloid joints in the human body include the wrist joint and the metacarpophalangeal joint (knuckle joint).

Function

The primary function of the condyloid joint is to allow movement in two planes without rotation. This allows for a greater range of motion than a hinge joint, which only allows for movement in one plane. The condyloid joint also provides stability to the bones it connects, preventing dislocation and injury.

Clinical Significance

Injuries to the condyloid joint can result in limited mobility and pain. Common conditions that can affect the condyloid joint include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. Treatment for these conditions may include medication, physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgery.

See Also

• Synovial joint
• Wrist joint
• Metacarpophalangeal joint

Condyloid Resources
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