Congenital articular rigidity

Congenital Articular Rigidity (CAR) is a rare disease that affects the joints of newborn animals, primarily seen in livestock such as sheep, cattle, and goats. This condition is characterized by the inability of the affected animal to move its joints normally due to stiffness or rigidity present at birth. The condition can vary in severity, from mild stiffness that improves with time to severe rigidity that necessitates euthanasia of the affected animal.

Causes

The exact cause of Congenital Articular Rigidity is not fully understood, but it is believed to be associated with genetic factors, environmental influences, and possibly infections during pregnancy. In some cases, it has been linked to the ingestion of certain toxic plants by the pregnant mother or to viral infections during critical periods of fetal development.

Symptoms

Symptoms of CAR include:

• Inability to stand or walk normally
• Visible stiffness in the joints
• Swelling or deformities in the affected joints
• Distress or difficulty in nursing due to mobility issues

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Congenital Articular Rigidity is primarily based on physical examination and the observation of symptoms. In some cases, X-rays or other imaging techniques may be used to assess the extent of joint involvement and to rule out other conditions that could cause similar symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment options for CAR are limited. Mild cases may improve with physical therapy and supportive care, allowing the animal to lead a relatively normal life. However, in severe cases, where the quality of life is significantly affected, euthanasia may be considered the most humane option. There is no known cure for CAR, and treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving the animal's quality of life.

Prevention

Preventive measures for Congenital Articular Rigidity are not well established due to the unclear understanding of its causes. However, avoiding known risk factors, such as the ingestion of toxic plants by pregnant animals and managing infections during pregnancy, may reduce the risk of CAR in offspring.