Goats

Goats are a domesticated subspecies of wild goats (Capra aegagrus) and are one of the oldest domesticated species. They are a member of the animal family Bovidae and the subfamily Caprinae, which also includes sheep. Goats are raised for their milk, meat, hair, and skins all over the world.

History

Goats were first domesticated as livestock more than 10,000 years ago. Archaeological evidence of goat domestication has been found in Iran at Ganj Dareh, dating back to around 7000 BC.

Biology and Behaviour

Goats are ruminants, which means they have a four-chambered stomach that allows them to digest tough plant materials. They are also known for their ability to climb trees and steep hillsides. Goats are social animals, living in groups called herds.

Breeds and Uses

There are over 300 distinct breeds of goat. Goats are one of the oldest domesticated species, and have been used for their milk, meat, hair, and skins over much of the world. In the 20th century, they also gained in popularity as pets.

Milk and Cheese

Goat milk is commonly processed into cheese. Goat cheese is known as chevre in France, where it is a traditional food product.

Meat and Skin

Goat meat, also known as chevon, is eaten all over the world. The skin of goats is a valuable byproduct of this industry. It is used to make a variety of products, such as gloves, boots, and rugs.

Health and Husbandry

Goats are hardy creatures, but they do require certain conditions to thrive. They need access to shelter, a balanced diet, and regular health checks to prevent disease.

In Culture

Goats have a long history of association with humanity. They appear in myth and folklore, and are also present in modern media and literature.

See Also

• Sheep
• Chevre
• Livestock