Constantine, Algeria

Constantine قسنطينة
City
View of Constantine View of Constantine
Coordinates:
Country	Algeria
Province	Constantine Province
Area
• Total	231 km2 (89 sq mi)
Population  (2008)
• Total	448,374
• Density	1,900/km2 (5,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)

Constantine (Arabic: قسنطينة, Qusanṭīnah) is a city in northeastern Algeria. It is the capital of Constantine Province and is one of the largest cities in the country. Known as the "City of Bridges" due to its numerous picturesque bridges connecting the mountains, Constantine is a city rich in history and culture.

History

Constantine has a long and storied history, dating back to its founding by the Phoenicians. It was originally known as Cirta and served as the capital of the Numidia kingdom. The city was later renamed in honor of the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great after he rebuilt it in 313 AD following its destruction during the civil war.

During the Roman Empire, Constantine was a major center of commerce and culture. The city continued to thrive under the Byzantine Empire and later became an important center of Islamic culture after the Arab conquest in the 7th century.

In the 16th century, Constantine became part of the Ottoman Empire, and it remained under Ottoman control until the French conquest in 1837. The city played a significant role in the Algerian War of Independence, and it became part of the independent nation of Algeria in 1962.

Geography

Constantine is situated on a plateau at an elevation of 640 meters (2,100 feet) above sea level. The city is surrounded by deep ravines and is connected by several bridges, the most famous of which is the Sidi M'Cid Bridge, which spans the Rhumel River.

The climate in Constantine is Mediterranean, with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The unique topography and climate make it a picturesque and strategically important location.

Economy

The economy of Constantine is diverse, with industries ranging from agriculture to manufacturing. The city is known for its production of textiles, leather goods, and food products. It is also a center for education and research, with several universities and research institutions.

Culture

Constantine is a cultural hub in Algeria, known for its music, art, and architecture. The city hosts numerous festivals and cultural events throughout the year, celebrating its rich heritage and diverse population.

The city is home to several museums, including the National Museum of Cirta, which houses artifacts from the city's ancient past. The architecture of Constantine reflects its diverse history, with Roman, Byzantine, Ottoman, and French influences.

Education

Constantine is an important center for education in Algeria. It is home to the University of Constantine, one of the largest universities in the country, which offers a wide range of programs in science, engineering, humanities, and medicine.

Also see

• Algeria
• Numidia
• Constantine the Great
• Algerian War of Independence
• University of Constantine