Cornidovirineae
Cornidovirineae[edit | edit source]
Cornidovirineae is a suborder of viruses within the order Nidovirales. This suborder includes several families of enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that primarily infect vertebrates. Members of Cornidovirineae are known for their complex replication strategies and their ability to cause a range of diseases in humans and animals.
Taxonomy[edit | edit source]
The suborder Cornidovirineae is part of the order Nidovirales, which is characterized by viruses with large RNA genomes and a unique replication mechanism involving nested subgenomic mRNAs. Within Cornidovirineae, there are several families, including:
Each family contains viruses that share structural and genetic similarities, but they can differ significantly in their host range and pathogenicity.
Structure[edit | edit source]
Viruses in the Cornidovirineae suborder are enveloped, meaning they have a lipid membrane surrounding their capsid. The viral genome is a single-stranded RNA that is positive-sense, allowing it to be directly translated by the host cell's ribosomes. The genome size can vary significantly among different families, with coronaviruses having some of the largest RNA genomes known.
Replication[edit | edit source]
The replication cycle of Cornidovirineae viruses involves the synthesis of a nested set of subgenomic mRNAs, which is a hallmark of the Nidovirales order. This process allows for the expression of multiple proteins from a single genomic RNA. The replication occurs in the cytoplasm of the host cell and involves the formation of a replication-transcription complex.
Pathogenicity[edit | edit source]
Members of the Cornidovirineae suborder can cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals. For example, coronaviruses are responsible for diseases such as COVID-19, SARS, and MERS. Arteriviruses primarily infect animals, causing diseases like equine arteritis and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome.
Research and Importance[edit | edit source]
The study of Cornidovirineae viruses is crucial due to their impact on public health and agriculture. The emergence of novel coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, has highlighted the need for ongoing research into virus evolution, transmission, and vaccine development.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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