RNA virus

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RNA virus is a type of virus that has RNA (ribonucleic acid) as its genetic material. This includes viruses that are part of the Retroviridae, Flaviviridae, and Picornaviridae families, among others. The RNA genome can be either single-stranded (ssRNA) or double-stranded (dsRNA), and may contain one or more separate RNA molecules.

Classification[edit | edit source]

RNA viruses can be classified into different types based on their genome structure and replication method. These include:

  • Retroviruses: These viruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that is reverse transcribed into DNA, which is then integrated into the host's genome. Examples include HIV and Human T-lymphotropic virus.

Replication[edit | edit source]

RNA viruses replicate through a process called RNA replication, which involves the synthesis of a complementary RNA strand from a template RNA strand. This process is carried out by an enzyme called RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which is encoded by the virus. In the case of retroviruses, the RNA genome is reverse transcribed into DNA by the enzyme reverse transcriptase.

Diseases[edit | edit source]

RNA viruses are responsible for a wide range of diseases in humans, animals, and plants. These include AIDS, hepatitis C, Ebola virus disease, Zika fever, influenza, and COVID-19, which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

See also[edit | edit source]

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RNA_virus[edit | edit source]

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