Courage

Courage is the ability to confront fear, pain, danger, uncertainty, or intimidation. It can be divided into "physical courage" — in face of physical pain, hardship, and threat of death — and "moral courage" — in the face of shame, scandal, and discouragement.

Physical Courage

Physical courage is bravery in the face of physical pain, hardship, even death or threat of death. This type of courage is common among soldiers, police officers, and firefighters. Physical courage often extends to those who risk their lives in the line of duty, such as emergency rescue workers.

Moral Courage

Moral courage is the ability to act rightly in the face of popular opposition, shame, scandal, or discouragement. This type of courage is particularly relevant in the face of ethical dilemmas or unpopular decisions. Moral courage can be seen in whistleblowers, activists, and those who stand up for what they believe is right, despite potential personal repercussions.

Courage in Psychology

In the field of psychology, courage is considered a virtue and is often associated with the concept of resilience. It is seen as a key component in facing fear and acting despite it. Courage in psychology is not about fearlessness, but rather about confronting and dealing with fear.

Courage in Philosophy

In the philosophical tradition, particularly in the works of Aristotle, courage is considered one of the four cardinal virtues. Aristotle defined courage as the mean between recklessness and cowardice. This view of courage emphasizes balance, suggesting that the truly courageous person is not one who is fearless, but one who faces fear in a balanced and measured way.

See Also

• Bravery
• Heroism
• Fear
• Resilience (psychology)

References

Courage Resources
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