Coxsackie B virus

Coxsackie B virus is a member of the Enterovirus genus, which is part of the larger Picornaviridae family of viruses. It is named after the town of Coxsackie, New York, where it was first isolated. The virus is responsible for a variety of diseases in humans, including myocarditis, pericarditis, and meningitis.

Classification

Coxsackie B viruses are classified into six serotypes, designated as Coxsackie B1 through B6. These serotypes are distinguished by their different antigenic properties. The viruses are small, non-enveloped, and contain a single-stranded RNA genome.

Transmission and Infection

Coxsackie B viruses are primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, but can also be spread through respiratory droplets. After entering the body, the virus can infect various tissues, including the heart, pancreas, and central nervous system.

Diseases

Coxsackie B viruses can cause a range of diseases. They are a common cause of myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle that can lead to heart failure. They can also cause pericarditis, an inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart. In addition, Coxsackie B viruses can cause meningitis, an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of Coxsackie B virus infection is typically based on the patient's symptoms and medical history, and can be confirmed through laboratory testing. Treatment is primarily supportive, as there is currently no specific antiviral therapy for Coxsackie B virus infection.

Prevention

Prevention of Coxsackie B virus infection involves good personal hygiene, including regular hand washing. There is currently no vaccine available for Coxsackie B virus.

See Also

• Enterovirus
• Picornaviridae
• Myocarditis
• Pericarditis
• Meningitis