Crataegus mexicana

Crataegus mexicana is a species of hawthorn known by the common names Mexican Hawthorn and Tejocote. It is native to the mountains of Mexico and parts of Guatemala, and has been introduced in the Andes. The fruit of the Crataegus mexicana is one of the most culturally and economically significant in Mexico.

Description

Crataegus mexicana is a large shrub or small tree growing to 5-10 meters in height. The leaves are deciduous, oval to lanceolate, 4–10 cm long and 2–4 cm broad, glossy dark green, with a serrated margin. The flowers are produced in late spring, in clusters of five to 25 together; each flower is about 1 cm diameter, with five white petals, numerous red stamens, and a single style. The fruit is a pome, 2–3 cm diameter, bright yellow-orange, often with a red side; it matures in the late fall, and is harvested in Mexico mainly in October and November.

Uses

The fruit of the Crataegus mexicana is edible and is often used in Mexican cuisine. It is a key ingredient in ponche, a traditional Mexican hot fruit punch that is served at Christmas time and on New Year's Eve. Other uses include jellies and lotions. The fruit is also used in traditional medicine for heart conditions.

Cultivation

Crataegus mexicana is cultivated for its fruits, which are harvested in the late fall. The plant prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. It is relatively hardy and can tolerate frost, but requires a long, hot summer to produce fruit.

Conservation

While not currently listed as threatened or endangered, Crataegus mexicana is subject to habitat loss due to deforestation and urbanization in its native range.

See also

• Crataegus
• Mexican cuisine
• Ponche