Cunning folk in Britain

Article about the historical role of cunning folk in Britain

Cunning folk in Britain were practitioners of folk magic and healing from the Middle Ages through the early 20th century. They were known for their skills in herbalism, divination, and the creation of amulets and charms. Cunning folk were often consulted for their knowledge of the supernatural and their ability to provide remedies for both physical and spiritual ailments.

Role and Practices

A depiction of a cunning woman

Cunning folk were integral to rural and urban communities, offering services that ranged from healing the sick to fortune-telling. They were often called upon to locate lost or stolen property, identify witches, and provide protection against evil spirits. Their practices were a blend of Christian and pagan traditions, reflecting the syncretic nature of folk beliefs in Britain.

Healing and Herbalism

A collection of herbs used by cunning folk

Cunning folk were skilled in the use of herbs and plants for medicinal purposes. They created salves, tinctures, and potions to treat a variety of ailments. Their knowledge of botany and natural remedies was often passed down through generations, making them valuable members of their communities.

Divination and Fortune-Telling

Cunning folk were also known for their abilities in divination, using methods such as scrying, palmistry, and astrology to predict the future. They were often consulted for advice on personal and financial matters, and their predictions were highly regarded by those who sought their counsel.

Protection and Charms

A talisman used by cunning folk

To protect against evil and misfortune, cunning folk crafted amulets and charms. These items were believed to ward off witchcraft and malevolent forces. Cunning folk also performed rituals and incantations to safeguard individuals and their homes.

Social and Cultural Impact

Cunning folk held a unique position in society, often straddling the line between respected healer and feared sorcerer. Their practices were sometimes viewed with suspicion, especially during periods of witch hunts and religious persecution. Despite this, they remained an essential part of the cultural fabric, providing services that were not available through conventional medicine or religion.

Persecution and Decline

File:Judith Phillips.jpg

A cunning woman accused of witchcraft

During the witch trials of the 16th and 17th centuries, many cunning folk were accused of witchcraft and faced persecution. The rise of scientific medicine and the Enlightenment further contributed to the decline of their practices. By the early 20th century, the role of cunning folk had largely diminished, though their legacy continues in modern folk traditions and alternative medicine.

Related Pages

• Witchcraft
• Herbalism
• Divination
• Folk medicine