Curatella

Genus of flowering plants

Curatella is a genus of flowering plants in the family Dilleniaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing only the species Curatella americana. This species is commonly known as the "sandpaper tree" due to the rough texture of its leaves.

Description

Curatella americana in the Cerrado

Curatella americana is a small to medium-sized tree that can grow up to 15 meters in height. The tree is characterized by its thick, rough bark and leathery leaves, which have a distinctive sandpaper-like texture. The leaves are simple, alternate, and oblong, with a prominent midrib and a rough surface that is often used for polishing wood and other materials.

The flowers of Curatella americana are small, white, and arranged in terminal panicles. The fruit is a capsule containing several seeds, which are dispersed by wind and animals.

Distribution and Habitat

Curatella americana is native to the Neotropics, with a distribution range extending from southern Mexico through Central America and into South America, including countries such as Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, and Peru. It is commonly found in savannas, open woodlands, and the Cerrado biome, thriving in well-drained, sandy soils.

Ecological Importance

The sandpaper tree plays a significant role in its ecosystem. It provides habitat and food for various species of birds, insects, and mammals. The rough leaves are not only a unique adaptation but also serve as a deterrent to herbivores. Additionally, the tree is an important pioneer species in disturbed areas, contributing to soil stabilization and ecosystem recovery.

Uses

The leaves of Curatella americana are traditionally used by local communities for polishing and sanding due to their abrasive texture. The wood, although not highly durable, is sometimes used for construction and fuel. In traditional medicine, various parts of the tree are used to treat ailments such as skin conditions and respiratory issues.

Conservation

While Curatella americana is not currently listed as threatened, its habitat is subject to pressures from agricultural expansion, deforestation, and land conversion. Conservation efforts in regions like the Cerrado are crucial to maintaining the biodiversity and ecological functions of these areas.

Related Pages

• Dilleniaceae
• Cerrado
• Neotropics