Curcuma angustifolia

Indian Medicinal Plants and Drugs Wellcome L0032802

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Curcuma angustifolia, commonly known as East Indian Arrowroot, is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Curcuma in the family Zingiberaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and is widely cultivated for its starchy rhizomes, which are used in traditional medicine and as a food source.

Description

Curcuma angustifolia is characterized by its long, narrow leaves and underground rhizomes. The plant typically grows to a height of 1 to 1.5 meters. The leaves are lanceolate, measuring up to 60 cm in length and 15 cm in width. The rhizomes are cylindrical, pale yellow to white in color, and contain a high amount of starch.

Habitat and Distribution

Curcuma angustifolia is found in tropical and subtropical regions of the Indian subcontinent, including India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. It thrives in well-drained, loamy soils and is often found in forested areas and along riverbanks.

Uses

The rhizomes of Curcuma angustifolia are harvested for their starch, which is commonly referred to as arrowroot. This starch is used in various culinary applications, including as a thickening agent in soups, sauces, and desserts. Additionally, it is used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments, such as digestive disorders and skin conditions.

Cultivation

Curcuma angustifolia is propagated through its rhizomes. The rhizomes are planted in well-prepared soil at the beginning of the rainy season. The plant requires a warm, humid climate and regular watering for optimal growth. Harvesting typically occurs 8 to 10 months after planting, when the leaves begin to yellow and die back.

Related Species

Curcuma angustifolia is closely related to other species in the Curcuma genus, including:

• Curcuma longa (Turmeric)
• Curcuma zedoaria (White Turmeric)
• Curcuma aromatica (Wild Turmeric)

See Also

• Zingiberaceae
• Arrowroot
• Traditional medicine
• Starch