Cyclooxygenase inhibitor

Cyclooxygenase inhibitor is a type of drug that reduces the production of prostaglandins by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX). Prostaglandins are chemicals that promote inflammation, pain, and fever. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors, therefore, are commonly used to relieve symptoms of inflammation and pain.

Types of Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors

There are two types of cyclooxygenase: COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 is produced in most tissues and has a protective role in the gastrointestinal tract. COX-2 is produced in response to inflammation. Some cyclooxygenase inhibitors inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2, while others are selective and inhibit only COX-2.

Non-selective COX inhibitors

Non-selective COX inhibitors inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2. Examples of non-selective COX inhibitors include aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen. These drugs are commonly used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation, but they can also cause gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers due to the inhibition of COX-1.

Selective COX-2 inhibitors

Selective COX-2 inhibitors, also known as coxibs, only inhibit COX-2. Examples of selective COX-2 inhibitors include celecoxib and rofecoxib. These drugs are also used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation, but they have a lower risk of causing gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers compared to non-selective COX inhibitors. However, they may increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.

Uses of Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors

Cyclooxygenase inhibitors are used to treat a variety of conditions, including:

• Arthritis
• Menstrual pain
• Headache
• Muscle pain
• Toothache
• Fever

Side Effects of Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors

The most common side effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors include:

• Stomach upset
• Heartburn
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea

More serious side effects can include:

• Gastrointestinal bleeding
• Ulcers
• Heart attack
• Stroke

See Also

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
• Prostaglandin

Cyclooxygenase inhibitor Resources
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