Cynara scolymus

Cynara scolymus, commonly known as the globe artichoke, is a variety of a species of thistle cultivated as a food. The edible portion of the plant consists of the flower buds before the flowers come into bloom. The budding artichoke flower-head is a cluster of many budding small flowers (an inflorescence), together with many bracts, on an edible base. Once the buds bloom, the structure changes to a coarse, barely edible form.

Taxonomy

The plant is a member of the Asteraceae family, the family which also includes sunflowers and daisies. The name Cynara derives from the Greek kynara, which means "artichoke". Among the other species in the genus Cynara are cardoons, also known as artichoke thistles.

Cultivation

The Cynara scolymus plant requires a long, frost-free growing season, but it can be grown in a wide range of soils. The plants can be propagated by division or from seed, and have been cultivated in the Mediterranean region since ancient times.

Culinary use

The globe artichoke is used in many dishes around the world, and is particularly popular in Mediterranean cuisine. The heart of the artichoke is the most commonly consumed part, but the leaves can also be eaten if properly prepared.

Health benefits

Artichokes are rich in dietary fiber and antioxidants, and have been associated with a number of potential health benefits, including improved digestion, heart health, and liver health.

See also

• Artichoke
• Asteraceae
• Mediterranean cuisine