Cytauxzoonosis

Cytauxzoonosis is a parasitic disease that affects domestic cats and wild cats. It is caused by the protozoan parasite Cytauxzoon felis. The disease is transmitted through the bite of a tick that has previously fed on an infected cat. Cytauxzoonosis is most commonly found in the United States, particularly in the south-central, southeastern, and mid-Atlantic regions.

Transmission

The primary vector for Cytauxzoon felis is the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis). The tick becomes infected by feeding on an infected cat. Once infected, the tick can transmit the parasite to other cats it feeds on.

Symptoms

The symptoms of cytauxzoonosis can vary, but often include fever, anorexia, lethargy, and jaundice. In severe cases, the disease can cause anemia, thrombocytopenia, and multi-organ failure. The disease is often fatal, particularly in domestic cats.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of cytauxzoonosis is typically made through blood tests, which can reveal the presence of the parasite in the cat's blood. Other diagnostic methods may include biopsy of the spleen or liver, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing.

Treatment

Treatment for cytauxzoonosis typically involves supportive care, such as fluid therapy, blood transfusion, and antibiotic therapy. In some cases, antiprotozoal drugs may be used. However, the prognosis for cats with cytauxzoonosis is often poor, particularly for those that are not treated promptly.

Prevention

Prevention of cytauxzoonosis primarily involves controlling tick populations and preventing tick bites. This can be achieved through the use of tick control products and by keeping cats indoors.

See also

• Feline diseases
• Parasitic diseases
• Tick-borne diseases