DLGAP5

DLGAP5 (Discs, Large (Drosophila) Homolog-Associated Protein 5), also known as HURP (Hepatoma Up-Regulated Protein), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DLGAP5 gene. This protein is involved in the regulation of the mitotic spindle during cell division. It is a significant component of the spindle apparatus and plays a crucial role in ensuring accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis, thereby maintaining genomic stability.

Function

DLGAP5 is a microtubule-associated protein that assists in the formation and stabilization of the mitotic spindle, a structure essential for the segregation of sister chromatids into two daughter cells. It is particularly active during the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, where it localizes to the spindle microtubules and the centrosomes, helping to organize and maintain the spindle's integrity. DLGAP5 is known to interact with other spindle-associated proteins, facilitating the proper alignment and separation of chromosomes.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the expression of DLGAP5 have been implicated in various types of cancer. Overexpression of DLGAP5 has been observed in hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and other malignancies, where it is associated with poor prognosis and increased aggressiveness of the tumor. The protein's role in cell division makes it a potential target for cancer therapy, with the rationale that inhibiting DLGAP5 function could disrupt the proliferation of cancer cells.

Genetic

The DLGAP5 gene is located on human chromosome 1q23.3 and consists of multiple exons that encode the DLGAP5 protein. Variants and mutations within this gene can affect the protein's function, potentially leading to cell division errors and contributing to the development of cancer.

Research Directions

Research on DLGAP5 continues to explore its exact mechanisms of action and its interactions with other proteins involved in mitosis. Understanding the regulation of DLGAP5 and its role in cell cycle progression may reveal new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Additionally, studies are investigating the potential of DLGAP5 as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of certain cancers.

See Also

• Cell cycle
• Mitotic spindle
• Cancer
• Protein targeting