Dark triad

The Dark Triad is a term used in psychology to refer to the personality traits of Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and Psychopathy, which are considered to be socially aversive or malevolent. These traits are often associated with manipulative behavior, lack of empathy, and a self-centered focus.

Narcissism

Narcissism is characterized by grandiosity, entitlement, dominance, and superiority. Narcissistic individuals often display a preoccupation with fantasies of unlimited success and power, and have a strong need for admiration and attention.

Machiavellianism

Machiavellianism is characterized by manipulation and exploitation of others, a lack of morality, unemotional callousness, and a higher level of self-interest. The term originates from the Italian Renaissance diplomat and writer Niccolò Machiavelli, who wrote 'Il Principe' ('The Prince'), a manual for rulers on how to gain and maintain power.

Psychopathy

Psychopathy is characterized by enduring antisocial behavior, diminished empathy and remorse, and bold, disinhibited, and egotistical traits. Psychopaths may be exceptionally charming and manipulative, and are often associated with repeated criminal activity.

Measurement

The Dark Triad traits are typically measured using self-report inventories. One of the most common is the Short Dark Triad (SD3), a 27-item inventory developed by Paulhus and Jones (2011) that measures each of the three traits.

Implications

The Dark Triad traits are associated with various negative outcomes, including criminal behavior, unethical actions, and various forms of interpersonal manipulation. They are also associated with certain positive outcomes, such as success in short-term mating strategies, leadership positions, and competitive environments.

See Also

• Big Five personality traits
• Personality disorder
• Narcissistic personality disorder
• Antisocial personality disorder

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