Degenerative disk disease

Degenerative Disk Disease (DDD) is a medical condition that involves the gradual deterioration of one or more intervertebral discs in the spine. This condition is often associated with aging, but can also be influenced by lifestyle factors, genetics, and injury.

Overview

Degenerative Disk Disease is not actually a disease, but a term used to describe the normal changes in the spinal discs as a person ages. The spinal discs are soft, compressible discs that separate the interlocking bones (vertebrae) that make up the spine. The discs act as shock absorbers for the spine, allowing it to flex, bend, and twist. Degenerative disc disease can take place throughout the spine, but it most often occurs in the discs in the lower back (lumbar region) and the neck (cervical region).

Causes

The exact causes of Degenerative Disk Disease are not known, but several factors can contribute to the process. These include aging, daily wear and tear, injury to the spine, and lifestyle habits such as smoking or heavy physical labor. Genetics may also play a role, as the condition often runs in families.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Degenerative Disk Disease can vary widely from person to person. Some people experience no symptoms, while others may have pain that is so severe it interferes with daily activities. The most common symptoms include pain that is worse when sitting, bending, lifting, or twisting; pain that improves with walking or changing positions; and periods of severe pain that come and go.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Degenerative Disk Disease typically involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scan may also be used to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other potential causes of the symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for Degenerative Disk Disease focuses on relieving symptoms and improving quality of life. This can often be achieved through a combination of physical therapy, exercise, pain management techniques, and in some cases, surgery.

See Also

• Spinal disc herniation
• Osteoarthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis