Desoxycorticosterone

Desoxycorticosterone (also known as DOC) is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland. It is a precursor molecule in the production of the hormone cortisol, which is involved in the body's response to stress. DOC is also used medically as a replacement therapy for individuals with certain types of adrenal insufficiency.

Structure and Synthesis

Desoxycorticosterone is a 21-carbon steroid hormone. It is synthesized from progesterone through a series of enzymatic reactions involving the enzymes 21-hydroxylase and 11β-hydroxylase. The synthesis of DOC is regulated by the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which is produced by the pituitary gland.

Function

In the body, desoxycorticosterone acts as a mineralocorticoid, helping to regulate the balance of sodium and potassium in the body. This is important for maintaining blood pressure and fluid balance. DOC also plays a role in the body's response to stress, as it is a precursor molecule in the synthesis of cortisol.

Medical Use

Medically, desoxycorticosterone is used in the treatment of certain types of adrenal insufficiency, such as Addison's disease. In these conditions, the body is unable to produce enough of its own corticosteroids, and DOC can be used as a replacement therapy. It is typically administered as an injection.

Side Effects

Like all medications, desoxycorticosterone can have side effects. These can include fluid retention, high blood pressure, and low potassium levels. Long-term use can also lead to osteoporosis.

See Also

• Corticosteroid
• Adrenal gland
• Addison's disease