Diarthrosis
Diarthrosis is a type of joint that exists within the human body. It is characterized by its high degree of mobility, which distinguishes it from other types of joints such as synarthrosis and amphiarthrosis.
Anatomy[edit | edit source]
Diarthrosis joints, also known as synovial joints, are the most common type of joint in the body. They are found in areas that require a high degree of mobility, such as the knee, hip, elbow, shoulder, and wrist.
These joints are composed of two bones that are connected by a joint capsule. The inner layer of this capsule is called the synovial membrane, which produces synovial fluid to lubricate the joint and reduce friction. The ends of the bones are covered with a layer of articular cartilage to protect the bones and absorb shock.
Types of Diarthrosis[edit | edit source]
There are six types of diarthrosis joints, each with its own unique structure and function:
- Hinge joints: These joints allow movement in one direction, similar to the hinge of a door. Examples include the elbow and knee.
- Pivot joints: These joints allow rotation around a single axis. An example is the joint between the first and second vertebrae of the neck.
- Ball and socket joints: These joints allow movement in all directions and rotation. Examples include the hip and shoulder joints.
- Saddle joints: These joints allow movement in two directions. An example is the joint at the base of the thumb.
- Condyloid joints: These joints allow movement in two directions, but no rotation. An example is the wrist joint.
- Plane joints: These joints allow sliding or gliding movements. Examples include the joints between the tarsal bones of the foot.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
Diarthrosis joints are susceptible to various conditions and diseases, including arthritis, bursitis, and dislocation. Treatment for these conditions can range from physical therapy and medication to surgery in severe cases.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
