Dictionary-of-government-V

• VA health care facility  - a facility under the jurisdiction of the Veterans Health Administration of the Department of Veterans Affairs.
• VA National Rules of Behavior  - a set of Department rules that describes the responsibilities and expected behavior of personnel with regard to information system usage.
• VA sensitive data  - all Department data, on any storage media or in any form or format, which requires protection due to the risk of harm that could result from inadvertent or deliberate disclosure, alteration, or destruction of the information and includes information whose improper use or disclosure could adversely affect the ability of an agency to accomplish its mission, proprietary information, and records about individuals requiring protection under applicable confidentiality provisions.
• vacancy  - A competitive service position which the agency is filling for a total of 121 days or more, including all extensions, regardless of whether the agency issues a specific vacancy announcement.
• vacancy rate, workforce  - measurement of the time necessary to fill vacancies.
• vacancy, workforce  - vacant position in the competitive service, regardless of whether the position will be filled by permanent or time-limited appointment, for which an agency is seeking applications from outside its current permanent competitive service workforce.
• vaccine-related injury or death  - an illness, injury, condition, or death associated with one or more of the vaccines set forth in the Vaccine Injury Table, except that the term does not include an illness, injury, condition, or death associated with an adulterant or contaminant intentionally added to such a vaccine.
• valid (validity)  - The term used to describe those directives placed in force through proper issuance.
• validate  - Execution procedure used by combatant command components, supporting combatant commanders, and providing organizations to confirm to the supported commander and United States Transportation Command that all the information records in a time-phased force and deployment data not only are error-free for automation purposes, but also accurately reflect the current status, attributes, and availability of units and requirements.
• validation  - The generic term that applies to the whole range of data quality issues, from elimination of duplicate records to compliance with format standards to matching values with reference tables.
• value capture  - recovering the increased property value to property located near public transportation resulting from investments in public transportation.
• value engineering  - an analysis of the functions of a program, project, system, product, item of equipment, building, facility, service, or supply of an executive agency, performed by qualified agency or contractor personnel, directed at improving performance, reliability, quality, safety, and life-cycle costs.
• value engineering change proposal  - A proposal submitted by a contractor consistent with the VE clause(s) in the contract that, through a change in the contract, would lower the project’s life-cycle cost to the Government without impairing essential functions, characteristics, or performance. The contract change requirement can be the addition of the VECP to the contract with attendant savings. VECPs are applicable to all contract types, including contracts with performance-based specifications. Also called VECP.
• value engineering change proposal - (1) a proposal that — (i) Requires a change to the instant contract to implement; and (ii) Results in reducing the overall projected cost to the agency without impairing essential functions or characteristics, provided, that it does not involve a change — (A) In deliverable end item quantities only; (B) In research and development (R&D) items or R&D test quantities that are due solely to results of previous testing under the instant contract; or (C) To the contract type only. Also called VECP.
• value Engineering proposal  - An in-house agency-developed proposal, or a proposal developed by a contractor under contract to provide VE services, to provide VE studies for a Government project/ program. Also called VEP.
• value engineering study  - the formal process of applying VE on an individual project or program. VE studies may be tailored to meet the individual needs of the project or program. For example, the level of effort for each phase of VE may be scaled (truncated, eliminated, etc.), as appropriate, based on factors such as the cost or complexity of the project, the stage of project planning or development, and project schedule. Also called VE study.
• value of statistical life  - amount people are willing to pay to reduce risk so that on average one less person is expected to die from the risk.
• vanpool  - A group of eight (8) to fifteen (15) passengers using a van specifically designed to carry passengers, for transportation to and from work in a single daily round trip. This excludes automobiles and buses.
• vanpool member  - individual that commutes to and from work with a group of at least 8 individuals using a passenger van or a commuter bus for transportation.
• variable costs  - the costs that are expected to fluctuate directly with the volume of sales and — (A) in the case of articles, the volume of production necessary to satisfy the sales orders; or (B) in the case of services, the extent of the services sold.
• variola virus  - a virus that can cause human smallpox or any derivative of the variola major virus that contains more than 85 percent of the gene sequence of the variola major virus or the variola minor virus.
• vector  - a living organism, or molecule, including a recombinant or synthesized molecule, capable of carrying a biological agent or toxin to a host.
• vector  - any organism capable of transmitting the causative agent of human disease or capable of producing human discomfort or injury, including mosquitoes, flies, fleas, cockroaches, or other insects and ticks, mites, or rats. §136. )
• vegetation  - Vegetation data describe a collection of plants or plant communities with distinguishable characteristics that occupy an area of interest. Existing vegetation covers or is visible at or above the land or water surface and does not include abiotic factors that tend to describe potential vegetation.
• vehicle  - every carriage or other contrivance used, or capable of being used, as a means of transportation on land, but does not include aircraft.
• vehicle cargo  — Wheeled or tracked equipment, including weapons, that require certain deck space, head room, and other definite clearance.
• vehicle identification number  - a unique identification number (or derivative of that number) assigned to a passenger motor vehicle by a manufacturer in compliance with applicable regulations.
• vehicle registration  - the registration of any commercial motor vehicle under the International Registration Plan or any other registration law or regulation of a jurisdiction.
• vehicle rental facility  - any person or entity that provides vehicles for rent, lease, loan, or other similar use to the public or any segment thereof.
• vehicle summary and priority table  - A table detailing all vehicles by priority of debarkation from a combat-loaded ship. Also called VS&PT.
• vehicle-borne improvised explosive device  — A device placed or fabricated in an improvised manner on a vehicle incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals and designed to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract. Also called VBIED.
• vehicle-borne improvised explosive device  - improvised explosive device (IED) delivered by any small ground-based vehicle (e.g., passenger vehicle, motorcycle, moped, bicycle, etc.) and/ or serves as the concealment means for explosives with an initiating device
• vendor  - a dealer, distributor, merchant, or other seller providing goods or services that are required for the conduct of a Federal program. These goods or services may be for an organization's own use or for the use of beneficiaries of the Federal program. Additional guidance on distinguishing between a subrecipient and a vendor.
• vendor  - Used synonymously with supplier of material or services for sale through catalog, reverse auction, and/ or price quote. (Certain laws apply for funding thresholds between $2,500.00 - $25,000.00. )
• venue  - A statement identifying the geographical location where an act is performed.
• venue  - to the geographic specification of the proper court or courts for the litigation of a civil action that is within the subject-matter jurisdiction of the district courts in general, and does not refer to any grant or restriction of subject-matter jurisdiction providing for a civil action to be adjudicated only by the district court for a particular district or districts.
• verification  - 1. In arms control, any action, including inspection, detection, and identification, taken to ascertain compliance with agreed measures. 2. In computer modeling and simulation, the process of determining that a model or simulation implementation accurately represents the developer’s conceptual description and specifications. See also configuration management; validation.
• verification  - process of confirming that a system or system element is designed and/ or built as intended; in other words, that the system or element meets design-to or build-to specifications.
• verification, primary source health care  - confirming specific credential with the identified institution or entity that provided the credential (Primary Source) to determine the accuracy of a qualification reported by an individual health care practitioner.
• version  - particular form of something differing in certain respects from an earlier form or other forms of the same type of thing
• vertical envelopment  - A tactical maneuver in which troops that are air-dropped, air-landed, or inserted via air assault, attack the rear and flanks of a force, in effect cutting off or encircling the force.
• vertical replenishment  - The use of a helicopter for the transfer of materiel to or from a ship. Also called VERTREP.
• vertical stowage  - A method of stowage in depth within a single compartment by which loaded items are continually accessible for unloading, and the unloading can be completed without corresponding changes or prior unloading of other cargo.
• very important person support technical surveillance countermeasure  - security-enhancing measure intended for dignitaries who, while traveling, must use facilities and infrastructure whose integrity and exclusivity cannot be guaranteed involves performing technical surveillance countermeasure inspections in hotel suites, temporary office premises, and conference facilities. Also called Very Important Person support.
• very low-income families  - low-income families whose incomes do not exceed 50 per centum of the median family income for the area, as determined by the Secretary with adjustments for smaller and larger families, except that the Secretary may establish income ceilings higher or lower than 50 per centum of the median for the area on the basis of the Secretary's findings that such variations are necessary because of unusually high or low family incomes.
• very low-income veteran family - (A) a veteran family whose income does not exceed 50 percent of the median income for an area specified by the Secretary, as determined by the Secretary. (B) The Secretary shall make appropriate adjustments to the income requirement based on family size. (C) The Secretary may establish an income ceiling higher or lower than 50 percent of the median income for an area if the Secretary determines that such variations are necessary because the area has unusually high or low construction costs, fair market rents or family incomes.
• vessel  - for the purpose of statutes and regulations concerning this manual, includes every kind of water craft used as a means of transportation by water except seaplanes or other aircraft.
• vessel identification system  - identification system that contains boat registration and ownership information on vessels documented by the Coast Guard or registered or titled by a participating state or territory government data use is restricted in accordance with state and federal laws; data is available in a single database, and only accessible to Numbering and Titling, Registration, and Law Enforcement personnel of VIS participating states and federal Agencies.
• vessel in the naval service- (1) any vessel of the Navy, manned by the Navy, or chartered on bareboat charter to the Navy; or(2) when the Coast Guard is operating as a service in the Navy, any vessel of the Coast Guard, manned by the Coast Guard, or chartered on bareboat charter to the Coast Guard.
• vessel of interest  - vessel identified by the National Maritime Intelligence Center (NMIC), area maritime intelligence fusion centers, district intelligence office or other agency at the regional/ port level as posing a potential security or criminal threat.* vessel of the United States  - a vessel that is documented or numbered under the laws of the United States. A documented vessel and those vessels that are numbered by a State or Federal authority are afforded the protection of the laws of the United States.
• vessel of the United States (also known as a United States flag vessel)  - a vessel documented or numbered under the laws of the United States or titled under the law of a state.
• vessel of war  - a vessel — (A) belonging to the armed forces of a country;(B) bearing the external marks distinguishing vessels of war of that country;(C) under the command of an officer commissioned by the government of that country and whose name appears in the appropriate service list or its equivalent; and (D) staffed by a crew under regular armed forces discipline.
• vessels of the United States  - Every vessel which is documented, owned, or controlled in the United States, and every vessel of foreign registry which is, directly or indirectly, substantially owned or controlled by any citizen of, or corporation incorporated, owned, or controlled in, the United States, shall, be deemed a vessel of the United States.
• vested liabilities  - the present value of the immediate or deferred benefits available at normal retirement age for participants and their beneficiaries which are nonforfeitable.
• veteran  - a person who served in the active military, naval, or air service, and who was discharged or released therefrom under conditions other than dishonorable.
• veteran  - a person, or the family of a person, who has served in the active military or naval service of the United States at any time (i) on or after September 16, 1940, and prior to July 26, 1947, (ii) on or after April 6, 1917, and prior to November 11, 1918, or (iii) on or after June 27, 1950, and prior to such date thereafter as shall be determined by the President, and who shall have been discharged or released therefrom under conditions other than dishonorable or who shall be still serving therein. The term shall also include the family of a person who served in the active military or naval service of the United States within any such period and who shall have died of causes determined by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to have been service-connected.
• veteran (deceased)  - a person who died in the active military, naval, or air service. (2) The term period of war includes, in the case of any veteran (A) any period of service performed by such veteran after November 11, 1918, and before July 2, 1921, if such veteran served in the active military, naval, or air service after April 5, 1917, and before November 12, 1918; and (B) any period of continuous service performed by such veteran after December 31, 1946, and before July 26, 1947, if such period began before January 1, 1947.
• veteran military  - person who has served in the military forces and who was discharged or released under conditions other than dishonorable.
• veteran family  - includes a veteran who is a single person and a family in which the head of household or the spouse of the head of household is a veteran.
• veteran of any war  - any veteran who served in the active military, naval, or air service during a period of war.
• veteran of the Vietnam era  - a person (A) who served on active duty for a period of more than 180 days, any part of which occurred during the Vietnam era, and who was discharged or released therefrom with other than a dishonorable discharge, or (B) who was discharged or released from active duty for a service-connected disability if any part of such active duty was performed during the Vietnam era.
• veteran-owned small business concern  - a small business concern — (1) Not less than 51 percent of which is owned by one or more veterans or, in the case of any publicly owned business, not less than 51 percent of the stock of which is owned by one or more veterans; and (2) The management and daily business operations of which are controlled by one or more veterans.
• veterans organization  - any organization recognized by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs for the representation of veterans.
• veterans preference  - Additional credit given to employees based upon military service.
• veterans service organization  - any organization recognized by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs for the representation of veterans.
• veterans transition assistance and benefits program  - any program of the Government the purpose of which is (A) to assist, by rehabilitation or other means, members of the Armed Forces in readjusting or otherwise making the transition to civilian life upon their separation from service in the Armed Forces; or (B) to assist veterans in making the transition to civilian life.
• veterans treatment court program  - a court program involving collaboration among criminal justice, veterans, and mental health and substance abuse agencies that provides qualified veterans with — (i) intensive judicial supervision and case management, which may include random and frequent drug testing where appropriate; (ii) a full continuum of treatment services, including mental health services, substance abuse services, medical services, and services to address trauma; (iii) alternatives to incarceration; or (iv) other appropriate services, including housing, transportation, mentoring, employment, job training, education, or assistance in applying for and obtaining available benefits.
• vetting  - A part of target development that assesses the accuracy of the supporting intelligence to targeting.
• VfP Office - the Office of Volunteers for Prosperity of the United States Agency for International Development.
• VfPServe  - a program established by the VfP Office, in cooperation with the USA Freedom Corps, to provide eligible skilled professionals with fixed amount stipends to offset the travel and living costs of volunteering abroad.
• vibrations sensor  - Passive, covert or visible detection device that detects movement of the surface to which they are attached.
• vicinity of the terminal facilities  - that geographical area surrounding the environment of terminal facilities which is directly affected or may be directly affected by the operation of the terminal facilities.
• victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons  - a person — (i) who has been subjected to an act or practice as in effect on October 28, 2000; and (ii)(I) who has not attained 18 years of age; or(II) who is the subject of a certification.
• victim operated switch  - switch that is activated by the actions of an unsuspecting person relies on the target to carrying out some form of action that will cause the device to function.
• video arcade facility  - any facility, legally accessible to persons under 18 years of age, intended primarily for the use of pinball and video machines for amusement containing a minimum of ten pinball and/ or video machines.
• video monitoring system  - video system in which an analog or digital video signal travel from the camera to video monitoring stations on or off the premises.
• Video Program Office  - IRMs program office for the central management and administration of video conferencing over the Departments OpenNet and ClassNet. Also called VPO.
• video remote interpreting service  - interpreting service using video conference technology over dedicated lines or wireless technology offering high-speed, wide-bandwidth video connection that delivers high-quality video images.
• Video TeleConference  - General term used interchangeably with, and as an abbreviated form of, video- conference i.e., VTC equipment, VTC session. Also called VTC.
• Vienna Convention  - the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of April 18, 1961, entered into force with respect to the United States on December 13, 1972.
• Vienna Convention  - The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, which sets forth law and practice on diplomatic rights and privileges. Couriers must follow these guidelines to ensure that diplomatic rights and privileges are not infringed upon.
• Vietnam conflict  - to the period beginning February 28, 1961, and ending on such date as shall thereafter be determined by Presidential proclamation or concurrent resolution of the Congress.
• Vietnam era  - the following: (A) The period beginning on February 28, 1961, and ending on May 7, 1975, in the case of a veteran who served in the Republic of Vietnam during that period. (B) The period beginning on August 5, 1964, and ending on May 7, 1975, in all other cases.
• Vietnam veteran  - an individual who performed active military, naval, or air service in the Republic of Vietnam during the Vietnam era, without regard to the characterization of that individual's service.
• views letter  - An agency's written comments provided at the request of OMB on a pending bill or on another agency's proposed legislation, report, or testimony.
• violation  - 1) any knowing, willful, or negligent action that could reasonably be expected to result in an unauthorized disclosure of classified information; (2) any knowing, willful, or negligent action to classify or continue the classification of information contrary to the requirements of this order or its implementing directives; or (3) any knowing, willful, or negligent action to create or continue a special access program contrary to the requirements of this order.
• violations of religious freedom  - violations of the internationally recognized right to freedom of religion and religious belief and practice, as set forth in the international instruments, including violations such as — (A) arbitrary prohibitions on, restrictions of, or punishment for—(i) assembling for peaceful religious activities such as worship, preaching, and prayer, including arbitrary registration requirements;(ii) speaking freely about one's religious beliefs;(iii) changing one's religious beliefs and affiliation;(iv) possession and distribution of religious literature, including Bibles; or(v) raising one's children in the religious teachings and practices of one's choice; or (B) any of the following acts if committed on account of an individual's religious belief or practice: detention, interrogation, imposition of an onerous financial penalty, forced labor, forced mass resettlement, imprisonment, forced religious conversion, beating, torture, mutilation, rape, enslavement, murder, and execution.
• Violence Against Women Act cancellation of removal  - type of waiver that allows certain qualified immigrants in deportation or removal proceedings to be granted permanent residence application for relief with the immigration court for victims of domestic violence who are in removal proceedings applicants must demonstrate before the immigration judge their having suffered abuse as the spouse or intended spouse or child of a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident, or, in the case of a child, status as the child’s non-abusive parent. Also called Violence Against Women Act cancellation of removal.
• Violence Against Women Act self petitioner  - certain persons who have been battered or subjected to extreme cruelty by a qualifying relative may self-petition for lawful permanent resident status, allowing them to remain in the United States and eventually apply for naturalization include: the spouse, child or parent of an abusive U.S. citizen; the spouse or child of an abusive LPR; the conditional resident spouse or child of an abusive U.S. citizen or LPR; the spouse or child of an alien eligible for relief under the Cuban Adjustment Act, the Haitian Refugee Immigration Fairness Act, or the Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central American Relief Act; and the spouse or child eligible for suspension of deportation due to abuse by a U.S. citizen or LPR.
• violent extremism  - Violent extremism refers to advocating, engaging in, preparing, or otherwise supporting ideologically motivated or otherwise supporting ideologically motivated or justified violence to further social, economic or political objectives.
• violent offender  - person who — (1) is charged with or convicted of an offense that is punishable by a term of imprisonment exceeding one year, during the course of which offense or conduct — (A) the person carried, possessed, or used a firearm or dangerous weapon;(B) there occurred the death of or serious bodily injury to any person; or(C) there occurred the use of force against the person of another, without regard to whether any of the circumstances described in subparagraph (A) or (B) is an element of the offense or conduct of which or for which the person is charged or convicted; or (2) has 1 or more prior convictions for a felony crime of violence involving the use or attempted use of force against a person with the intent to cause death or serious bodily harm.
• virgin material- (1) Previously unused raw material, including previously unused copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, iron, other metal or metal ore; or (2) Any undeveloped resource that is, or with new technology will become, a source of raw materials.
• virgin material  - a raw material, including previously unused copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, iron, or other metal or metal ore, any undeveloped resource that is, or with new technology will become, a source of raw materials.
• virgin material  - previously unused raw material includes previously unused copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, iron, or other metal or metal ore, or any undeveloped resource that is, or with new technology may become, a source of raw materials.
• virtual locality pay  - Only applicable to Foreign Service employees. Under this provision, an employees service overseas will be credited for retirement purposes at the Washington, DC basic pay rate (including locality pay), rather than at the overseas basic pay rate.
• visa fraud  - The fraudulent procuring, forging, or fraudulent use of visas or other entry documents.
• visa incident  - A terrorist act causing serious injury, loss of life, or significant destruction of property in the United States when there is probable cause to believe that an alien participated in the act, and when the alien was issued a visa contrary to applicable visa lookout procedures established by the Department.
• visa overstay rate - (I) the total number of nationals of that country who were admitted to the United States on the basis of a nonimmigrant visa whose periods of authorized stays ended during a fiscal year but who remained unlawfully in the United States beyond such periods; to (II) the total number of nationals of that country who were admitted to the United States on the basis of a nonimmigrant visa during that fiscal year.
• Visible Intermodal Prevention and Response Team  - Transportation Security Administration team that provide an unannounced, high-visibility presence in a mass transit or passenger rail environment by working along-side federal, state and local law enforcement agencies during periods of high alert or special events.
• visible sensor  - detecting device that are in plain view of an intruder.
• Visiting Scholars include Lecturers and Research Scholars  - The term Lecturer designates a national of a foreign country who comes to the United States to teach or lecture at an approved U.S. institution, usually at the postdoctoral level - Senior scholars are established postdoctoral academics with substantial professional accomplishments, status at their home institutions, and qualifications for instruction at the graduate level; and Junior scholar are qualified for instruction at the undergraduate level. They may meet academic qualifications but lack the professional experience normally expected of lecturers for graduate courses. Research Scholar are nationals of a foreign country who come to the United States to engage in full-time advanced research at an approved U.S. institution, usually at the postdoctoral level.
• visitor  - Any person not issued a permanent building pass, who seeks to enter any Department facility for work, consultation, or other legitimate reason.
• visitor  - guest or temporary employee who presents themselves or is presented by a sponsor, for entry to a secured facility that is not their primary work location for less than 6 months.
• visitor badge  - locally devised temporary badge issued for a limited time.
• visitor passes  - Passes of limited duration that DS issues to visitors at designated Department facilities. These also include conference or other special function passes.
• visual distraction  - Task that requires the driver to look away from the roadway and/ or vehicle mirrors to visually obtain information or perform a non-driving manual task (such as reading a road map or GPS).
• visual distraction  - Task that requires the driver to look away from the roadway and/ or vehicle mirrors to visually obtain information or perform a non-driving manual task (such as reading a road map or GPS).
• visual impairment including blindness  - an impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child's educational performance. The term includes both partial sight and blindness.
• visual information  — Various visual media with or without sound that generally includes still and motion photography, audio video recording, graphic arts, and visual presentations. Also called VI.
• visual meteorological conditions  — Weather conditions in which visual flight rules apply; expressed in terms of visibility, ceiling height, and aircraft clearance from clouds along the path of flight. Also called VMC. See also instrument meteorological conditions.
• visual observation  - action or process of observing attained or maintained by sight, done or executed by sight only and relating to, or employing visual aids.
• vital record  - documentary material essential to the continued functioning or reconstitution of an organization during and after an emergency, including records essential to protecting the legal and financial rights of an organization and of the persons directly affected by the organization’s activities includes electronic and hardcopy documents, references, and records that are needed to support essential functions during a continuity situation; the two basic categories of vital records are (1) emergency operating records and (2) rights and interests records (e.g., birth certificates, marriage licenses, records of civil unions, records of domestic partnerships, death certificates).
• vital records  - Information systems and applications, electronic and hardcopy documents, references, and records needed to support PMEFs and MEFs during a continuity event. The two basic categories of vital records are (1) Emergency operating records; and (2) Legal and financial rights records.
• vital records inventory  - list which identifies the documentary materials that have been designated as vital includes other identifying information such as where the documentary materials are located, who is responsible for the documentary materials when the documentary materials are cycled, and similar information
• vital records program  - policies, plans, and procedures developed and implemented and the resources needed to identify, use, and protect the essential records needed to meet operational responsibilities under national security emergencies or other emergency or disaster conditions or to protect the Government's rights or the rights of its citizens.
• vocational goal  - a gainful employment status consistent with a veteran's abilities, aptitudes, and interests.
• vocational rehabilitation program - (A) the services provided for in this chapter that are needed for the accomplishment of the purposes of this chapter, including such counseling, diagnostic, medical, social, psychological, independent living, economic, educational, vocational, and employment services as are determined by the Secretary to be needed — (i) in the case of a veteran for whom the achievement of a vocational goal has not been determined not to be currently reasonably feasible, (I) to determine whether a vocational goal is reasonably feasible, (II) to improve such veteran's potential to participate in a program of services designed to achieve a vocational goal, and (III) to enable such veteran to achieve maximum independence in daily living, and (ii) in the case of a veteran for whom the achievement of a vocational goal is determined to be reasonably feasible, to enable such veteran to become, to the maximum extent feasible, employable and to obtain and maintain suitable employment, and (B) the assistance authorized by this chapter for a veteran receiving any of the services described in clause (A) of this paragraph.
• Voice Over Internet Protocol  - a technology that allows telephone calls to be made over computer networks like the Internet. VoIP converts analog voice signals into digital data packets and supports real-time, two-way transmission of conversations using Internet Protocol (IP). Also called VoIP.
• voice terminal  - A generic term describing any device that, regardless of whatever other functions it performs, provides an intentional transmit and/ or receive interface between a human talker and/ or listener and an electric or electronic communications system. All voice terminals contain transducers; a microphone is necessary for transmitting; a speaker is necessary for receiving.
• volatile memory  - Memory that requires power to maintain the stored information. Volatile memory retains the information as long as there is a power supply, but when there is no power supply, the stored information is lost.
• volumetric sensor  - detecting device that detects intrusion in a volume of space.
• voluntary  - the submittal thereof in the absence of such agency's exercise of legal authority to compel access to or submission of such information and may be accomplished by a single entity or an Information Sharing and Analysis Organization on behalf of itself or its members.
• voluntary building energy code  - a building energy code developed and updated through a consensus process among interested persons, such as that used by the Council of American Building Officials; the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers; or other appropriate organizations.
• voluntary consensus standard  - a type of standard developed or adopted by voluntary consensus standards bodies, through the use of a voluntary consensus standards development process. These bodies often have intellectual property rights (IPR) policies that include provisions requiring that owners of relevant patented technology incorporated into a standard make that intellectual property available to implementers of the standard on nondiscriminatory and royalty-free or reasonable royalty terms (and to bind subsequent owners of standards essential patents to the same terms). In order to qualify as a “voluntary consensus standard”, a standard that includes patented technology needs to be governed by such policies, which should be easily accessible, set out clear rules governing the disclosure and licensing of the relevant intellectual property, and take into account the interests of all stakeholders, including the IPR holders and those seeking to implement the standard.
• voluntary consensus standards  - common and repeated use of rules, conditions, guidelines or characteristics for products, or related processes and production methods and related management systems. Voluntary Consensus Standards are developed or adopted by domestic and international voluntary consensus standard making bodies (e.g., International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and ASTM-International).
• voluntary consensus standards body  - a type of association, organization, or technical society that plans, develops, establishes, or coordinates voluntary consensus standards using a voluntary consensus standards development process that includes the following attributes or elements.
• voluntary contributions  - Refers to discretionary financial assistance provided to foreign countries, international societies, commissions, proceedings or projects.
• voluntary family planning program  - studies, medical and psychological research, personnel training, the construction and staffing of clinics and rural health centers, specialized training of doctors and paramedical personnel, the manufacture of medical supplies, and the dissemination of family planning information, medical assistance, and supplies to individuals who desire such assistance.
• Voluntary Intermodal Sealift Agreement  - An agreement that provides the Department of Defense with assured access to United States flag assets, both vessel capacity and intermodal systems, to meet Department of Defense contingency requirements. Also called VISA. See also intermodal.
• voluntary opt-out testing  - HIV/ AIDS testing — (A) that is administered to an individual seeking other health care services; and (B) in which — (i) pre-test counseling is not required but the individual is informed that the individual will receive an HIV/ AIDS test and the individual may opt out of such testing; and (ii) for those individuals with a positive test result, post-test counseling (including referrals for care) is provided and confidentiality is protected.
• voluntary preparedness standards  - a common set of criteria for preparedness, disaster management, emergency management, and business continuity programs, such as the American National Standards Institute's National Fire Protection Association Standard on Disaster/ Emergency Management and Business Continuity Programs.
• voluntary tanker agreement  - An agreement established by the Maritime Administration to provide for United States commercial tanker owners and operators to voluntarily make their vessels available to satisfy the Department of Defense to meet contingency or war requirements for point- to-point petroleum, oils, and lubricants movements. Also called VTA.
• voluntary visitor  - Individuals or groups nominated by missions to participate in short-term projects of 2 to 10 days. The Office of International Visitors cannot pay international airfare costs for voluntary visitors but may provide funds for domestic travel and per diem. Also called VolVis.
• volunteer  - Any individual accepted to perform services by the lead agency (which has authority to accept volunteer services) when the individual performs services without promise, expectation, or receipt of compensation for services performed.
• Volunteer Community Service  - Non-obligatory service to a public entity or a private nonprofit organization that is representative of a community or a significant segment of a community and this is engaged in meeting human, educational, or environmental community needs includes churches and other religious entities and community action agencies.
• vote or voting  - all action necessary to make a vote effective in any primary, special, or general election, including, but not limited to, registration, listing pursuant to this chapter, or other action required by law prerequisite to voting, casting a ballot, and having such ballot counted properly and included in the appropriate totals of votes cast with respect to candidates for public or party office and propositions for which votes are received in an election.
• voter registration lists  - the official records maintained by State or local election officials of persons registered to vote in either the most recent State or the most recent Federal.
• voting security  - any security presently entitling the owner or holder thereof to vote in the direction or management of the affairs of a person, or any security issued under or pursuant to any trust, agreement, or arrangement whereby a trustee or trustees or agent or agents for the owner or holder of such security are presently entitled to vote in the direction or management of the affairs of a person; and a specified percentage of the voting securities of a person means such amount of the outstanding voting securities of such person as entitles the holder or holders thereof to cast such specified percentage of the aggregate votes which the holders of all the outstanding voting securities of such person are entitled to cast in the direction or management of the affairs of such person.
• voucher  - An invoice or document used to authorize a payment. The document can be a form prescribed by a U.S. Government agency and approved by the U.S. Treasury Department (e.g., domestically, Form SF-1034, Public Voucher for Purchases and Services Other than Personal; and overseas, Form DS-2076, Purchase Order, Receiving Report and Voucher) or an invoice, if it has all the required information.
• vulnerability  - Weakness in a facility, equipment, information system, system security procedures, internal controls, or implementation that could be exploited or triggered by a threat source.
• vulnerability degree  - qualitative or quantitative expression of the level to which an entity is susceptible to harm when it experiences a hazard.
• vulnerability assessment  - the process of identifying and quantifying vulnerabilities in a major system and its significant items of supply.

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