Dictionary-of-government-O

• Office of Business Transformation of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence  - any successor office that assumes the functions of the Office of Business Transformation of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence as carried out by the Office of Business Transformation on October 7, 2010.
• Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization  - the Office of Small Business Programs when referring to the Department of Defense.
• Open Skies Treaty  - A 34-nation international treaty that establishes a regime of unarmed aerial observation flights over the entire territories of the states parties in order to gather information about military forces and activities as a means of promoting openness and transparency. The treaty entered into force on January 1, 2002.
• OpenNet Video and Data Collaboration  - The Bureau of Information Resource Management's (IRM ) program for using OpenNet for collaborative video conferencing. ONVDC is managed by IRMs Video Program Office (VPO). Also called ONVDC.
• OpenNet plus  - OpenNet with Internet accessibility.
• OpenNet+  - A physical and logical global network that uses Internet Protocol (IP) that links the Department of States domestic and Local Area Networks (LANs) abroad. The physical aspect of the network uses Diplomatic Telecommunications Service (DTS) provided X.25 circuits for posts abroad, FTS-2001 provided X.25 circuits, leased lines and dial-up public switch networks. This includes interconnected hubs, routers, bridges, switches, and cables. The logical aspect of the network uses Network Management System (NMS) and TCP/ IP software, and other operational network applications.
• OpenNet  - OpenNet is a physical and logical Internet Protocol (IP)-based global network that links the Department of State's Local Area Networks (LANs) domestically and abroad. The physical aspect of the network uses DTS circuits for posts abroad, FTS-2001-provided circuits, leased lines, and dial- up public switch networks. This includes interconnected hubs, routers, bridges, switches, and cables. The logical aspect of the network uses Integrated Enterprise Management System (NMS) and TCP/ IP software, and other operational network applications. OpenNet is a Sensitive But Unclassified (SBU) network, which supports e-mail and data applications.
• Operations  - Provides oversight of operations and financial management to employee associations
• Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe  - The Vienna-based regional security organization composed of 57 participating states from Europe, Central Asia, and North America that deals with and promotes dialogue on military security, early warning, conflict prevention, crisis management, and post-conflict rehabilitation as well as democratization and human rights issues. Also called OSCE.
• oath  - Broadly, any form of attestation by which persons signify that they are bound in conscience to perform an act faithfully and truthfully - With respect to testimony and statements in connection with litigation, it is an affirmation of the truth of a statement that renders one punishable for perjury if one willfully makes untrue statements.
• object reuse  - Reassignment and re-use of a storage medium containing one or more objects after ensuring no residual data remains on the storage media.
• object  - Access to an object potentially implies access to the information it contains. Examples of objects are records, blocks, pages, files, directories and programs, as well as bits, bytes, words, fields, keyboards, clocks, printers, network nodes.
• objective area  - A geographical area, defined by competent authority, within which is located an objective to be captured or reached by the military forces. Also called OA.
• objective declaration  - statement that describes milestones or actions to achieve the goal value desired by the user, within the resources provided, for which the project manager is contracting or otherwise attempting to obtain.
• objective  - 1. The clearly defined, decisive, and attainable goal toward which every operation is directed. 2. The specific target of the action taken which is essential to the commander’s plan. See also target.
• obligation or liability  - an obligation or liability consisting of a mortgage, trust deed, or other security in the nature of a mortgage.
• obligation, financial  - binding agreement that will result in expenditures and outlays, immediately or in the future.
• obligation  - a loan or other debt obligation that is guaranteed.
• obligations incurred  - amounts of orders placed, contracts awarded, services rendered, and similar transactions during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period. Such amounts include payments not preceded by recorded obligations and reflect adjustment for differences between obligations and actual payments. In those cases where the exact amount of an obligation is not known at the time it is incurred, the best estimate of the amount to be paid subsequently is used.
• obligations  - The amounts of orders placed, contracts and grants awarded, services received and similar transactions during a given period that require payment by the recipient during the same, or a future period.
• obligee  - the holder of an obligation.
• obligor  - a party primarily liable for payment of the principal of or interest on a Federal credit instrument, which party may be a corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or governmental entity, agency, or instrumentality.
• observable  - In military deception, the detectable result of the combination of an indicator within an adversary’s conduit intended to cause action or inaction by the deception target.
• obstacle belt  - A brigade-level command and control measure, normally given graphically, to show where within an obstacle zone the ground tactical commander plans to limit friendly obstacle employment and focus the defense. See also obstacle.
• obstacle clearing  - The total elimination or neutralization of obstacles.
• obstacle creation improvised explosive device  - improvised explosive device (IED) used to create an obstacle to impede movement or channel movement into a desired location, possibly as part of a complex attack or ambush.
• obstacle intelligence  - Those collection efforts to detect the presence of enemy and natural obstacles, determine their types and dimensions, and provide the necessary information to plan appropriate combined arms breaching, clearance, or bypass operations to negate the impact on the friendly scheme of maneuver. Also called OBSTINT.
• obstacle restricted areas  - A command and control measure used to limit the type or number of obstacles within an area. See also obstacle.
• obstacle zone  - A division-level command and control measure, normally done graphically, to designate specific land areas where lower echelons are allowed to employ tactical obstacles. See also obstacle.
• obstacle  - Any natural or man-made obstruction designed or employed to disrupt, fix, turn, or block the movement of an opposing force, and to impose additional losses in personnel, time, and equipment on the opposing force.
• obtrusive space advertising  - advertising in outer space that is capable of being recognized by a human being on the surface of the Earth without the aid of a telescope or other technological device.
• occasional money holders  - An employee who is required to handle funds for a specific purpose. An employee is designated to serve as an occasional money holder overseas or domestically either by an element of the individuals job description or by an authorizing letter or memo signed by the employees U.S. citizen supervisor, financial management officer (FMO), or management officer. A personal services agreement (PSA) or a personal services contract (PSC) employee of the Department of State or agency exempt from Office of Federal Procurement Policy (OFPP) Policy Letter No. 92-1 Inherently Governmental Functions may be designated an occasional money holder. Contractors that are not exempt PSAs or PSCs may not be occasional money holders. The occasional money holder is an accountable officer.
• occupant emergency pan  - The term Occupant Emergency Plan is used by other organizations instead of the term Facility Emergency Action Plan. Also called OEP.
• occupant emergency plan  - short-term emergency response plan establishing procedures for evacuating buildings or sheltering-in-place to safeguard lives and property.
• occupational and environmental health surveillance  - The regular or repeated collection, analysis, archiving, interpretation, and dissemination of occupational and environmental health-related data for monitoring the health of, or potential health hazard impact on, a population and individual personnel, and for intervening in a timely manner to prevent, treat, or control the occurrence of disease or injury when determined necessary.
• occupational and environmental health threats  - Threats to the health of military personnel and to military readiness created by exposure to hazardous agents, environmental contamination, or toxic industrial materials. See also health threat.
• occupational health and safety  - all aspects of health and safety in the workplace with a strong focus on prevention of any disease or injury contracted primarily as a result of an exposure to risk factors arising from work activity.
• occupied territory  - Territory under the authority and effective control of a belligerent armed force and not being administered pursuant to peace terms, treaty, or other agreement, express or implied, with the civil authority of the territory.
• ocean and coastal mapping  - the acquisition, processing, and management of physical, biological, geological, chemical, and archaeological characteristics and boundaries of ocean and coastal areas, resources, and sea beds through the use of acoustics, satellites, aerial.
• ocean thermal energy conversion facility  - any facility which is standing, fixed or moored in whole or in part seaward of the highwater mark and which is designed to use temperature differences in ocean water to produce electricity or another form of energy capable of being used directly to perform work, and includes any equipment installed on such facility to use such electricity or other form of energy to produce, process, refine, or manufacture a product, and any cable or pipeline used to deliver such electricity, fresh water, or product to shore, and all other associated equipment and appurtenances of such facility, to the extent they are located seaward of the highwater mark.
• ocean thermal energy conversion plantship  - any vessel which is designed to use temperature differences in ocean water while floating unmoored or moving through such water, to produce electricity or another form of energy capable of being used directly to perform work, and includes any equipment installed on such vessel to use such electricity or other form of energy to produce, process, refine, or manufacture a product, and any equipment used to transfer such product to other vessels for transportation to users, and all other associated equipment and appurtenances of such vessel.
• ocean thermal energy conversion  - a method of converting part of the heat from the Sun which is stored in the surface layers of a body of water into electrical energy or energy product equivalent.
• oceanographic research vessel  - a vessel employed in oceanography or limnology research or instruction. It is defined because this type of vessel, while not inspected and certified as such, is subject to a number of special statutory and regulatory requirements.
• oceanographic research vessel  - a vessel that the Secretary finds is being employed only in instruction in oceanography or limnology, or both, or only in oceanographic or limnological research, including studies about the sea such as seismic, gravity meter, and magnetic exploration and other marine geophysical or geological surveys, atmospheric research, and biological research.
• oceanography  - The study of the sea, embracing and integrating all knowledge pertaining to the sea and its physical boundaries, the chemistry and physics of seawater, and marine biology.
• of departmental concern  - Pertaining to current U.S. foreign policy or the Departments mission
• of official concern  - Activities or topics that may reasonably be interpreted as relating to the current responsibilities, interests, programs, or operations of the Department of State; and current U.S. foreign policies, which reasonably may be expected to affect the foreign relations of the United States. Activities or topics that do not meet this definition are of no official concern.
• off-hook  - A station or trunk is off-hook when it initializes or engages in communications with the computerized telephone switch (CTS) or with another station or trunk using a link established through the CTS. FAM 091 ) office- (a) a unit composed of at least 12 full-time or part-time permanent positions, or (b) a unit for which the Office Director reports directly to a Managing Director, a Deputy Assistant Secretary, an Ambassador-at-Large or the equivalent, an Assistant Secretary or the equivalent, an Undersecretary, a Deputy Secretary, or the Secretary.
• off-line  - Equipment not connected to a central system or a condition in which a user, terminal, or other device is not actively transmitting data.
• off-site consequence analysis information  - those portions of a risk management plan, excluding the executive summary of the plan, consisting of an evaluation of 1 or more worst-case release scenarios or alternative release scenarios, and any electronic data base created by the Administrator from those portions.
• off-site safe area  - A temporary emergency sanctuary for official U.S. personnel during a crisis situation, such as personnel unable to reach U.S. facilities or those forced to evacuate such facilities.
• off-the-shelf item  - An item that has been developed and produced to military or commercial standards and specifications, is readily available for delivery from an industrial source, and may be procured without change to satisfy a military requirement.
• offender  - an adult or juvenile-
(A) who is or has been subject to any stage of the criminal justice process, and for whom services under this Act may be beneficial; or (B) who requires assistance in overcoming artificial barriers to employment resulting from a record of arrest or conviction.
• offensive counterair attack operations  - Offensive action by any part of the joint force in support of the offensive counterair mission against surface targets which contribute to the enemy’s air and missile capabilities. Also called OCA attack operations. See also counterair; offensive counterair.
• offensive counterair  - Offensive operations to destroy, disrupt, or neutralize enemy aircraft, missiles, launch platforms, and their supporting structures and systems both before and after launch, and as close to their source as possible. Also called OCA. See also counterair; defensive counterair; operation.
• offensive counterintelligence operation  - A counterintelligence activity conducted to support Department of Defense and national intelligence, operational, and contingency requirements, using a formally-recruited asset or notional persona, to develop information on, and provide information, materials, or equipment to, a foreign intelligence entity to penetrate the foreign intelligence entity or exploit, disrupt, or manipulate the target in order to counter terrorism, espionage, or other clandestine intelligence activities that threaten the security of the Department of Defense or the United States. Also called OFCO.
• offensive cyberspace operations  - Cyberspace operations intended to project power by the application of force in or through cyberspace. Also called OCO.
• offensive space control  - Those operations to prevent an adversary’s hostile use of United States/ third- party space capabilities and services or negate (deceive, disrupt, degrade, deny, or destroy) an adversary’s efforts to interfere with or attack United States/ allied space systems. Also called OSC.
• offer  - A private sector source’s formal response to a request for proposals or invitation for bid. The term “offeror” refers to the specific source rather than the response.
• offer  - a response to a solicitation that, if accepted, would bind the offeror to perform the resultant contract. Responses to invitations for bids (sealed bidding) are offers called “bids” or “sealed bids”; responses to requests for proposals (negotiation) are offers called “proposals”; however, responses to requests for quotations (simplified acquisition) are “quotations,” not offers.
• office director  - the head of an office.
• office for civil rights and civil liberties  - Department of Homeland Security Support Component that provides operational support, oversight, training and policy and program advice and review to the Department’s leadership on civil rights and civil liberties issues, investigates and resolves complaints from the public concerning civil rights and civil liberties abuses or racial, ethnic, or religious profiling, and leads departmental Equal Employment Opportunity programs.
• office furnishings  - systems and modular furniture, case goods, seating, limited utility shelving, and office accessories. Carpeting and window treatments are fixed interior finishes and should be addressed in the construction documentation for any new, renovated, or leased project. These fixed interior finishes are replaced using post funds. The same is true for building specialties such as appliances, specialty storage, and signage. Office equipment is the responsibility of the post, including the provision of computers, printers, modems, copiers, shredders, cellular phones, telecommunications equipment, safes, workbenches, tools, and medical equipment.
• office of government ethics  - The executive branch agency responsible for developing and implementing ethics and financial disclosure programs to facilitate compliance with ethics laws in the executive branch. Also called OGE.
• office of research and technology applications  - organization responsible for overseeing technology transfer activities made by a federal agency within DHS this function is performed by the Technology Transfer Program, which is consolidated to service the entire Department and is housed within the Science and Technology Directorate.
• office  - An enduring organization that is formed around a specific function within a joint force commander’s headquarters to coordinate and manage support requirements.
• officer in charge  - a member of the Navy, the Marine Corps, or the Coast Guard designated as such by appropriate authority.
• officer in tactical command  - In maritime usage, the senior officer present eligible to assume command, or the officer to whom the senior officer has delegated tactical command. Also called OTC.
• officer of the customs and/ or customs officer  - any officer of the United States Customs Service of the Treasury Department (also hereinafter referred to as the Customs Service) or any commissioned, warrant, or petty officer of the Coast Guard, or any agent or other person, including foreign law enforcement officers, authorized by law or designated by the Secretary of the Treasury to perform any duties of an officer of the Customs Service.
• officer of the customs  - any officer of the Customs Service or any commissioned, warrant, or petty officer of the Coast Guard, or agent or other person authorized by law or by the Secretary of the Treasury, or appointed in writing by a collector, to perform the duties of an officer of the Customs Service.
• officer of the deck  - 1. When underway, the officer designated by the commanding officer to be in charge of the ship, including its safe and proper operation. 2. When in port or at anchor, the officer of the deck is designated by the command duty officer, has similar responsibilities, and may be enlisted. Also called OOD.
• officer or employee  - civilian personnel and members of the Armed Forces of the United States Government.
• officer restricted in the performance of duty  - an officer of the Navy designated for engineering duty, aeronautical engineering duty, special duty, or limited duty, or an officer of the Marine Corps designated for limited duty. (b) For the purposes of this subtitle, a member of the naval service who holds a temporary appointment in a grade higher than his permanent grade is considered, unless otherwise specified, to be serving in the higher grade.
• officer  - The ICS title for the personnel responsible for the Command Staff positions of Safety, Liaison, and Public Information. FEMA, NRF, Glossary )
• officers above the promotion zone  - a group of officers on an active-duty list in the same grade and competitive category who- (A) are eligible for consideration for promotion to the next higher grade; (B) are in the same grade as those officers in the promotion zone for that competitive category; and (C) are senior to the senior officer in the promotion zone for that competitive category.
• official capacity  - Pursuant to an employees employment responsibilities, or in any capacity representing the Department, regardless of location or forum. FAM 4173 )
• official duty station  - The duty station for the special agents position of record as indicated on his or her most recent notification of personnel action.
• official information  - That information or material owned by, produced for or by, or under the control of the U.S. Government.
• official items  - Mail, correspondence, and items intended for the official use of the U.S. Government.
• official log book  - an official record for required information pursuant to 46 U.S.C. 11301. Consular officers may certify an entry in the official log book concerning an event of which he/ she may have personal and positive knowledge.
• official mail manager  - The Departments OMM is responsible for- (1) Interpreting and carrying out regulations relating to official mail; and (2) The acquisition, use, and disposition of mail supplies and property. Bureau and post OMMs are responsible for- (a) The proper use of mail supplies and property; and (b) For the budgeting for and the expenditure of appropriated funds for postage and fees. Also called OMM.
• official mail  - Official Mail consists of items that are purchased by or for official use of the Department. Official Mail is NOT authorized to be mailed through the DPO.
• official performance file  - The Foreign Service official personnel file which serves as the repository for conduct and performance-related documents for employees.
• official poverty line  - the poverty line established by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget and revised by the Secretary.
• official residence  - the residence designated by the head of the agency for occupancy by a principal representative of an agency. The term official residence includes the building and grounds- (1) Purchased or leased by the U.S. Government and assigned to a principal representative; or (2) Leased or owned by a principal representative, or by a member of his or her family, and occupied by the principal representative as his or her residence.
• official rest stop  - An official rest stop is defined as a U.S. Government-funded rest period, not to exceed 24 hours, plus necessary time to obtain the earliest transportation to the authorized destination. Full per diem (lodging and miscellaneous and incidental expenses (M&IE)) at the official rest-stop location rate is authorized in these circumstances.
• official station  - The official station of an employee is the location of the employee's permanent work assignment. The geographic limits of the official station are- (1) The corporate limits of the city or town where stationed; or (2) If not in an incorporated city or town, the reservation, station, or other established area (including established subdivisions of large reservations) having definite boundaries where the employee is stationed.
• official travel  - travel performed at the direction of the U.S. Government, required by a government contract, or specifically approved by a DHS Program Manager.
• official work site  - The official work site is the regular work site for the employees position of record provided the employee is scheduled to work at least twice each biweekly pay period on a regular and recurring basis at the regular work site. For an employee whose work location varies on a recurring basis, the employee need not work at least twice each biweekly pay period at the regular official work site (where the employees work activities are based) as long as the employee is performing work regularly within the locality pay area for that work site. The official work site for an employee covered by a telework agreement who is not regularly scheduled to report at least twice each biweekly pay period to the official work site is the location of the telework site (e.g., the location of his or her home, telework center, or other alternate work site from which the employee works) except in temporary situations (e.g., extended official travel or recovery from an injury or medical condition).
• official worksite  - location where the work activities of the employee's position of record are based, as determined by the employing Component
• official  - Speaking, writing, or teaching is official (and automatically of official concern) when conducted in connection with Department employment, or in any capacity representing the Department of State, regardless of location- (1) Statements to the press include any remark to the press that quotes, reflects the views of, or gives the Departments position, or represents the Department in any way; (2) Public remarks include speeches, congressional testimony, press statements, and remarks prepared for photo opportunities; (3) Public appearances include appearances before the general public for the purpose of giving speeches or other remarks; (4) Media interviews include those with newspaper, magazine, TV, radio, or other forums; and (5) Teaching includes that which involves subject matter of official concern and/ or occurs on duty, on U.S. Government property, or under U.S. Government sponsorship.
• official  - Speaking, writing, or teaching is official (and automatically of official concern) when conducted in connection with Department employment, or in any capacity represents the Department of State.
• offset agreement  - an agreement, arrangement, or understanding between a United States supplier of defense articles or defense services and a foreign country under which the supplier agrees to purchase or acquire, or to promote the purchase or acquisition by other United States persons of, goods or services produced, manufactured, grown, or extracted, in whole or in part, in that foreign country in consideration for the purchase by the foreign country of defense articles or defense services from the supplier.
• offset costs  - Costs for which funds have been appropriated that may not be incurred as a result of a contingency operation. See also contingency operation.
• offset  - the entire range of industrial and commercial benefits provided to foreign governments as an inducement or condition to purchase military goods or services, including benefits such as coproduction, licensed production, subcontracting, technology transfer, in-country procurement, marketing and financial assistance, and joint ventures.
• offsets  - compensation practices required as a condition of purchase in either government-to-government or commercial sales of defense articles and/ or defense services as defined in the Arms Export Control Act, and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations.
• offshore bulk fuel system  - The system used for transferring fuel from points offshore to reception facilities on the beach. Also called OBFS. See also amphibious bulk liquid transfer system; offshore petroleum discharge system.
• offshore facility  - any facility of any kind located in, on, or under any of the navigable waters of the United States, and any facility of any kind which is subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and is located in, on, or under any other waters, other than a vessel or a public vessel.
• offshore facility  - any facility of any kind located in, on, or under, any of the navigable waters of the United States, and any facility of any kind which is subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and is located in, on, or under any other waters, other than a vessel or a public vessel.
• offshore minerals  - Offshore minerals include minerals occurring in submerged lands. Examples of marine minerals include oil, gas, sulfur, gold, sand and gravel, and manganese.
• offshore petroleum discharge system  - Provides bulk transfer of petroleum directly from an offshore tanker to a beach termination unit located immediately inland from the high watermark. Also called OPDS. See also facility; petroleum, oils, and lubricants; single-anchor leg mooring.
• offshore supply vessel  - a class of vessel that is limited by tonnage and its employment in the mineral and oil industry and while so employed it is not a small passenger vessel.
• oil spill response vessel  - a vessel that is designated in its certificate of inspection as such a vessel, or that is adapted to respond to a discharge of oil or a hazardous material.
• oil  - oil of any kind or in any form, including, but not limited to, petroleum, fuel oil.
• old-growth timber  - timber of a forest from the late successional stage of forest development.
• omni-directional effect  - aspect of main charge configuration where the explosion is omni-directional and expands in all directions.
• on call  - personnel expected as part of their normal job duties to be available to work on short notice during times they are not normally scheduled for duty.
• on hand  - The quantity of an item that is physically available in a storage location and contained in the accountable property book records of an issuing activity.
• on-call target  - Planned target upon which fires or other actions are determined using deliberate targeting and triggered, when detected or located, using dynamic targeting. See also dynamic targeting; on- call; operational area; planned target; target.
• on-call  - 1. A term used to signify that a prearranged concentration, air strike, or final protective fire may be called for. 2. Preplanned, identified force or materiel requirements without designated time- phase and destination information.
• on-line  - A method of transmission by which signals from telecommunications equipment are passed directly to a channel/ circuit to automatically operate compatible equipment at one or more distant stations.
• on-scene commander  - 1. An individual in the immediate vicinity of an isolating event who temporarily assumes command of the incident. 2. The federal officer designated to direct federal crisis and consequence management efforts at the scene of a terrorist or weapons of mass destruction incident. Also called OSC.
• on-station time  - The time an aircraft can remain on station, which may be determined by endurance or orders.
• on-the-job training  - method in which training is provided in a practical situation (worksite) through guided practice provides observation while learner is engaged in productive work. Also called OJT.
• on-the-job training  - training provided by an employer to an individual who is employed by the employer.
• one-call notification system  – a system operated by an organization that has as one of its purposes to receive notification from excavators of intended excavation in a specified area in order to disseminate such notification to underground facility operators that are members of the system so that such operators can locate and mark their facilities in order to prevent damage to underground facilities in the course of such excavation.
• one-participant retirement plan  - a retirement plan that on the first day of the plan year- (i) covered only one individual (or the individual and the individual's spouse) and the individual (or the individual and the individual's spouse) owned 100 percent of the plan sponsor (whether or not incorporated), or (ii) covered only one or more partners (or partners and their spouses) in the plan sponsor.
• one-step turnkey selection procedures  - procedures used for the selection of a contractor on the basis of price and other evaluation criteria to perform, in accordance with the provisions of a firm fixed-price contract, both the design and construction of a facility using performance specifications supplied by the Secretary.
• ongoing authorization  - the risk determinations and risk acceptance decisions subsequent to the initial authorization, taken at agreed-upon and documented frequencies in accordance with the agency’s mission or business requirements and agency risk tolerance. Ongoing authorization is a time-driven or event-driven authorization process whereby the authorizing official is provided with the necessary and sufficient information regarding the security and privacy state of the information system to determine whether the mission or business risk of continued system operation is acceptable.
• ongoing support services  - services-
(A) provided to individuals with the most significant disabilities;
• online computer library center  - nonprofit, library cooperative providing research, programs, and services dedicated to the public purposes of furthering access to the world’s information and reducing information costs maintains the largest catalog, commonly known as WorldCat, and interlibrary loan network in the world, which assist librarians with locating, acquiring, cataloging, lending, borrowing and preserving library materials.
• onshore facility  - any facility (including, but not limited to, motor vehicles and rolling stock) of any kind located in, on, or under, any land or nonnavigable waters within the United States.
• open alcoholic beverage container  - any bottle, can, or other receptacle — (A) that contains any amount of alcoholic beverage; and (B)(i) that is open or has a broken seal; or
(ii) the contents of which are partially removed.
• open burn pit  - an area of land located in Afghanistan or Iraq that: (A) is designated by the Secretary of Defense to be used for disposing solid waste by burning in the outdoor air; and (B) does not contain a commercially manufactured incinerator or other equipment specifically designed and manufactured for the burning of solid waste.
• open data  - publicly available data that are made available consistent with relevant privacy, confidentiality, security, and other valid access, use, and dissemination restrictions, and are structured in a way that enables the data to be fully discoverable and usable by end users. Generally, open data are consistent with principles, explained in OMB guidance, of such data being public, accessible, machine-readable, described, reusable, complete, timely, and managed post-release.
• open dump  - any facility or site where solid waste is disposed of which is not a sanitary landfill which meets the criteria promulgated and which is not a facility for disposal of hazardous waste.
• open enforcement action  - enforcement action for which a formal, written notice has been issued but is not yet closed.
• open number  - A channel sequence number (CSN) for which a transmission bearing a corresponding number has not been received.
• open ocean  - Ocean limit defined as greater than 12 nautical miles from shore, as compared with high seas that are over 200 nautical miles from shore. See also contiguous zone.
• open recommendation  - An open recommendation is either resolved or unresolved.
• open skies consultative commission  - The implementing body for the Treaty on Open Skies. The OSCC meets in Vienna, Austria. Also called OSCC.
• open source information report  - raw report containing information that has been acquired as a result of collection from a publicly available source, including but not limited to Open Source and Social Media, prior to any interpretation or analysis.
• open source information  - unclassified information that has been published or broadcast in some manner to the general public, could lawfully be seen or heard by a casual observer, is made available at a meeting open to the public, or is obtained by visiting any place or attending any event that is open to the public.
• open source  - Software in which the source code is available to the general public for use and/ or modification from its original design (e.g., Android operating system and is usually tied to a GNU General Public License).
• open-source information  - Information that any member of the public could lawfully obtain by request or observation as well as other unclassified information that has limited public distribution or access.
• open-source intelligence tools  - tools for the systematic collection, processing, and analysis of publicly available information for known or anticipated intelligence requirements.
• open-source intelligence  - Relevant information derived from the systematic collection, processing, and analysis of publicly available information in response to known or anticipated intelligence requirements. Also called OSINT. See also intelligence.
• openness  - the procedures or processes used are open to interested parties. Such parties are provided meaningful opportunities to participate in standards development on a non-discriminatory basis. The procedures or processes for participating in standards development and for developing the standard are transparent.
• operate aircraft and operation of aircraft  - using aircraft for the purposes of air navigation, including
• operating lease  - A lease that does not meet any one of the six criteria that define a capital lease- (1 ) Transfer of ownership to the U.S. Government at the end of the lease term; (2) Option to purchase the leased property at a bargain price; (3) Lease term equal to 75 percent or more of the economic life of the leased property; (4) Present value at the beginning of the lease for the minimum lease payment is 90 percent or more of the fair value of the leased property; (5) The asset is for a special purpose of the U.S. Government and is built to unique specification for the U.S. Government as lessee; or (6) There is no private-sector market for the asset. Operating leases are treated as current operating expenses. Also called OL.
• operating offices  - These offices are responsible for carrying out the Departments mission. They perform their functions in accordance with directives contained in the FAM.
• operating requirements  - requirements deriving from the operational environment of the system, the operational functions which must be performed to execute the mission, and the interoperability requirements necessary to complete each mission area described in the Concept of Operations.
• operating signal (opsign)  - A three-letter code (Q or Z signal) conveying orders, instructions, requests, reports, and information to facilitate communications via telegraphic or radio systems.
• operating stocks  - Fuel required to sustain daily operations and ensure fuel availability to support United States military forces worldwide. Also called OS.
• operating system  - Software that controls the execution of computer programs and that provides any of the following services - scheduling, debugging, input/ output control, accounting, compilation, storage assignment, or data management.
• operating tempo  - the rate at which units of the armed forces are involved in all military activities, including contingency operations, exercises, and training deployments.
• operation and maintenance cost  - costs incurred for using and supporting the system or capability, such as personnel, maintenance (unit and depot), and training, energy, and disposition.
• operation and maintenance  - Maintenance and repair of real property, operation of utilities, and provision of other services such as refuse collection and disposal, entomology, snow removal, and ice alleviation. Also called O&M.
• operation order  - A directive issued by a commander to subordinate commanders for the purpose of effecting the coordinated execution of an operation. Also called OPORD.Dictionary, JP 5‐0 )
• operation plan  - 1. Any plan for the conduct of military operations prepared in response to actual and potential contingencies. 2. A complete and detailed joint plan containing a full description of the concept of operations, all annexes applicable to the plan, and a time-phased force and deployment data. Also called OPLAN. See also operation order.
• operation  - 1. A sequence of tactical actions with a common purpose or unifying theme. 2. A military action or the carrying out of a strategic, operational, tactical, service, training, or administrative military mission.
• operation  - any or all undertakings appropriate for management, operation, services, maintenance, security (including the cost of security personnel), or financing in connection with a low-income housing project. The term also means the financing of tenant programs and services for families residing in low-income housing projects, particularly where there is maximum feasible participation of the tenants in the development and operation of such tenant programs and services.
• operation  - any plant, equipment, facility, position, employment opportunity, production.
• operational analysis  - process of examining the ongoing performance of an operating asset investment and measuring that performance against an established set of cost, schedule, and performance goals.
• operational approach  - A description of the broad actions the force must take to transform current conditions into those desired at end state.
• operational area  - An overarching term encompassing more descriptive terms (such as area of responsibility and joint operations area) for geographic areas in which military operations are conducted. Also called OA. See also amphibious objective area; area of operations; area of responsibility; joint operations area; joint special operations area; theater of operations; theater of war.
• operational art  - The cognitive approach by commanders and staffs - supported by their skill, knowledge, experience, creativity, and judgment - to develop strategies, campaigns, and operations to organize and employ military forces by integrating ends, ways, and means.
• operational assessment  - evaluation of operational effectiveness and operational suitability made by an independent operational test activity, with user support as required, on other than production systems.
• operational chain of command  - One of the two branches of the chain of command described in Joint Publication 1, Doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States, through which command is exercised from the President through the Secretary of Defense to the combatant commanders, to whom forces are assigned and allocated via the global force management process.
• operational characteristics  - Those military characteristics that pertain primarily to the functions to be performed by equipment, either alone or in conjunction with other equipment; e.g., for electronic equipment, operational characteristics include such items as frequency coverage, channeling, type of modulation, and character of emission.
• operational command structure  - The organizational hierarchy through which operational authorities are exercised, as contrasted by the administrative command structure through which administrative leadership is exercised.
• operational context  - environment, current and/ or future, in which the intended product is intended to be used includes the impact of modifying operations and consideration of the effect of not taking action.
• operational contract support integration cell  - A cell established to coordinate, and integrate operational contract support actions across all primary and special staffs for an operational area. Also called OCSIC.
• operational contract support  - The process of planning for and obtaining supplies, services, and construction from commercial sources in support of joint operations. Also called OCS.
• operational control authority  - The naval commander responsible within a specified geographical area for the naval control of all merchant shipping under Allied naval control. Also called OCA.
• operational control  - The authority to perform those functions of command over subordinate forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission. Also called OPCON. See also combatant command; combatant command (command authority); tactical control.
• operational control  - the prevention of all unlawful entries into the United States, including entries by terrorists, other unlawful aliens, instruments of terrorism, narcotics, and other contraband.
• operational controls  - The controls that address security mechanisms implemented and executed primarily by people (as opposed to systems).
• operational decontamination  - Decontamination carried out by an individual and/ or a unit, restricted to specific parts of operationally essential equipment, materiel and/ or working areas, in order to minimize contact and transfer hazards and to sustain operations. See also decontamination; immediate decontamination; thorough decontamination.
• operational design element  - A key consideration used in operational design.
• operational design  - The conception and construction of the framework that underpins a campaign or major operation plan and its subsequent execution. See also campaign; major operation.
• operational effectiveness  - measure of the overall ability of a system to provide desired capability when used by representative personnel in the environment planned or expected for operational employment of the system considering organization, doctrine, tactics, supportability, survivability, vulnerability, and threat.
• operational energy  - The energy required for training, moving, and sustaining military forces and weapons platforms for military operations.
• operational energy  - the energy required for training, moving, and sustaining military forces and weapons platforms for military operations. The term includes energy used by tactical power systems and generators and weapons platforms.
• operational environment  - A composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander. Also called OE.
• operational exposure guidance  - The maximum amount of nuclear/ external ionizing radiation that the commander considers a unit may be permitted to receive while performing a particular mission or missions. Also called OEG. See also radiation exposure status.
• operational intelligence  - Intelligence that is required for planning and conducting campaigns and major operations to accomplish strategic objectives within theaters or operational areas. See also intelligence; strategic intelligence; tactical intelligence. JP 2‐0 )
• operational level agreement  - An Operational Level Agreement (OLA) is an agreement between the service provider and another part of IRM that supports and defines the service providers delivery of services to customers.
• operational level of war  - The level of war at which campaigns and major operations are planned, conducted, and sustained to achieve strategic objectives within theaters or other operational areas. See also strategic level of war; tactical level of war.
• operational level  - synchronization of multiple assets to accomplish unified objectives, usually at a department, agency, or Component level.
• operational limitation  - An action required or prohibited by higher authority, such as a constraint or a restraint, and other restrictions that limit the commander’s freedom of action, such as diplomatic agreements, rules of engagement, political and economic conditions in affected countries, and host nation issues. See also constraint; restraint.
• operational necessity  - A mission associated with war or peacetime operations in which the consequences of an action justify the risk of loss of aircraft and crew. See also mission.
• operational need  - statement of a needed capability that is nonstandard and/ or unprogrammed answers the questions: 1)What is the operational issue? 2) What are the operational gaps? 3) What is the nature of the solution required? 4) Are there likely technology, organizational or process solutions? 5) Are there existing requirements documents?
• operational needs statement  - documentation of the need for a nonstandard and or unprogrammed capability to correct a deficiency or improve a capability that enhances mission accomplishment.
• operational objective value  - sponsor/ user-defined performance value beyond the threshold that reflects the maximum desired yield for program performance.
• operational pause  - A temporary halt in operations.
• operational preparation of the environment  - The conduct of activities in likely or potential areas of operations to prepare and shape the operational environment. Also called OPE.
• operational range  - a range that is under the jurisdiction, custody, or control of the Secretary of a military department and- (A) that is used for range activities, or (B) although not currently being used for range activities, that is still considered by the Secretary to be a range and has not been put to a new use that is incompatible with range activities.
• operational reach  - The distance and duration across which a joint force can successfully employ military capabilities.
• operational readiness  - The capability of a unit/ formation, ship, weapon system, or equipment to perform the missions or functions for which it is organized or designed. Also called OR.
• operational readiness  - the capability of an organization, an asset, a system, or equipment to perform the missions or functions for which it is organized or designed.
• operational requirements document  - formal document that provides a bridge between the top level capability needs spelled out in the Mission Need Statement (MNS) and the detailed technical requirements found in the performance specifications that ultimately govern development of a system.
• operational requirements  - user established absolute performance minimums (thresholds) below which the mission cannot be successfully performed.
• operational reserve  - An emergency reserve of men and/ or materiel established for the support of a specific operation.
• operational risk  - risk that has the potential to impede the successful execution of operations.
• operational scenario  - sequence of events expected during operation of system products includes the environmental conditions and usage rates as well as expected stimuli (inputs) and responses (outputs).
• operational suitability  - degree to which a product or system can be placed and sustained satisfactorily in field use includes consideration being given to aspect such as; availability, compatibility, transportability, interoperability, reliability, wartime usage rates, maintainability, safety, human factors, habitability, manpower, logistics supportability, natural environmental effects and impacts, documentation, and training requirements.
• operational support airlift  - Airlift movements of high-priority passengers and cargo with time, place, or mission-sensitive requirements. Also called OSA.
• operational system  - system (or system of systems) that is in-service by operators/ users in an operational (real-world) environment to perform DHS and Component missions and functions.
• operational test and evaluation  - field test, performed under realistic conditions by actual users against realistic threats to determine the operational effectiveness and suitability of a system, and the corresponding evaluation of the data resulting from such test.
• operational test plan  - detailed formulation of the program of action that translates an operational test concept and statistical and/ or analytical test design into concrete resources, procedures and responsibilities that are to be executed in achieving the objectives of the operational test program.
• operational test readiness review  - system engineering life cycle review conducted to ensure that the system under review has completed all identified entrance criteria and is ready to proceed into formal operational test. Terms )
• operational test report  - Operational Test Agent’s (OTA’s) report addressing critical issues observed during a phase of operational testing and their evaluation of operational effectiveness and operational suitability of the system.
• operational test  - field test performed under realistic conditions, overseen and evaluated by an activity independent from the agency developer and user organizations for the purposes of determining the effectiveness and suitability of that system or component when used by typical users in the expected operating environment of any system or key component of a system.
• operational testing  - A continuing process of evaluation that may be applied to either operational personnel or situations to determine their validity or reliability.
• operational threshold value  - absolute performance minimum established by the sponsor/ user, below which the mission cannot be successfully performed.
• operational use  - use of a system or a capability increment deliverable by users/ operators in the operational environment it is intended to operate in to perform missions and functions of DHS and its’ Components, i.e., a system of record upon which operational decisions are made and operational actions taken or accomplished.
• operational  - asset or a part of an asset with a delivered component performing the mission.
• operationalized performance indicators  - Clearly defined specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time-associated metrics used to track progress and determine the effectiveness and efficiency of IT initiatives.
• operationally critical contractor  - a contractor designated by the Secretary as a critical source of supply for airlift, sealift, intermodal transportation services, or logistical support that is essential to the mobilization, deployment, or sustainment of the Armed Forces in a contingency operation.
• operations Section- (1) Incident Command  - Responsible for all tactical incident operations and implementation of the Incident Action Plan. In the Incident Command System, it normally includes subordinate Branches, Divisions, and/ or Groups. (2) Joint Field Office - Coordinates operational support with on-scene incident management efforts. Branches, divisions, and groups may be added or deleted as required, depending on the nature of the incident. The Operations Section is also responsible for coordinating with other Federal facilities that may be established to support incident management activities.
• operations and maintenance program asbestos  - work practices to maintain asbestos-containing material in good condition, ensure cleanup of asbestos fibers previously released, and prevent further release by minimizing and controlling disturbance or damage of asbestos-containing materials.
• operations and support special access program  - special access program established primarily to protect the planning for, execution of, and support to especially sensitive operations.
• operations center  - The facility or location on an installation, base, or facility used by the commander to command, control, and coordinate all operational activities. Also called OC. See also base defense operations center.
• operations coordination  - actions and activities that enable senior strategic-level decision makers to determine appropriate courses of action and to provide oversight for complex operations to achieve unity of effort and effective outcomes.
• operations manager  - An individual located in A/ LM/ AQM/ BD who is responsible for the day-to-day administration of the purchase card program. The operations manager works closely with the program manager in A/ LM/ AQM/ BD.
• operations period  - The third period in the project cycle, preceded by the study period and the acquisition period. The operations period encompasses the deployment phase, the operations and maintenance (O&M) phase, and the deactivation phase.
• operations plan  - A plan developed by and for each Federal department or agency describing detailed resource, personnel, and asset allocations necessary to support the concept of operations detailed in the Concept Plan. Also called OPLAN.
• operations research  - The analytical study of military problems undertaken to provide responsible commanders and staff agencies with a scientific basis for decision on action to improve military operations. Also called operational research; operations analysis.
• operations research  - the application of social science research methods, statistical analysis, and other appropriate scientific methods to judge, compare, and improve policies and program outcomes, from the earliest stages of defining and designing programs through their development and implementation, with the objective of the rapid dissemination of conclusions and concrete impact on programming.
• operations security assessment  - An evaluative process to determine the likelihood that critical information can be protected from the adversary’s intelligence.
• operations security countermeasures  - Methods and means to gain and maintain essential secrecy about critical information.
• operations security indicators  - Friendly detectable actions and open-source information that can be interpreted or pieced together by an adversary to derive critical information.
• operations security planning guidance  - Guidance that defines the critical information requiring protection from the adversary and outlines provisional measures to ensure secrecy.
• operations security survey  - A collection effort by a team of subject matter experts to reproduce the intelligence image projected by a specific operation or function simulating hostile intelligence processes.
• operations security vulnerability  - A condition in which friendly actions provide operations security indicators that may be obtained and accurately evaluated by an adversary in time to provide a basis for effective adversary decision making.
• operations security  - A capability that identifies and controls critical information, indicators of friendly force actions attendant to military operations, and incorporates countermeasures to reduce the risk of an adversary exploiting vulnerabilities. Also called OPSEC. See also operations security indicators; operations security measures; operations security planning guidance; operations security vulnerability.
• operations security  - process of identifying critical information and analyzing friendly actions attendant to homeland security operations and other activities includes: 1) identifying those actions that can be observed by adversary intelligence systems, 2) determining indicators and vulnerabilities that adversary intelligence systems might obtain that could be interpreted or pieced together to derive critical information in time to be useful to adversaries and determine which of these represents an unacceptable risk, and 3) selecting and executing countermeasures that eliminate or deduce an unacceptable level the risks to friendly actions and operations or reduce it to an acceptable level.
• operations support element  - An element that conducts all administrative, operations support, and services support functions within the counterintelligence and human intelligence staff element of an intelligence directorate. Also called OSE.
• operations support element  - An element that conducts all administrative, operations support, and services support functions within the counterintelligence and human intelligence staff element of an intelligence directorate. Also called OSE.
• operations to restore order  - Operations intended to halt violence and support, reinstate, or establish civil authorities so that indigenous police forces can effectively enforce the law and restore civil authority. See also operation; peace operations.
• operations, maintenance, and replacement costs  - all costs for the operation of a rural water supply project that are necessary for the safe, efficient, and continued functioning of the project to produce the benefits described in a feasibility study.
• operations/ watch center  - center responsible for operational level coordination, synchronization, and guidance of near term analysis, planning and execution.
• operator  - the individual or entity authorized or designated as the operator of the National Motor Vehicle Title Information System, or the Attorney General, if there is no authorized or designated individual or entity.
• opportune lift  - That portion of lift capability available for use after planned requirements have been met.
• opportunity cost  - The maximum worth of a good or input among possible alternative uses.
• opportunity pool loan  - a private education loan made by a lender to a student attending the institution or the family member of such a student that involves a payment, directly or indirectly, by such institution of points, premiums, additional interest, or financial support to such lender for the purpose of such lender extending credit to the student or the family.
• oppressive child labor  - a condition of employment under which (1) any employee under the age of sixteen years is employed by an employer (other than a parent or a person standing in place of a parent employing his own child or a child in his custody under the age of sixteen years in an occupation other than manufacturing or mining or an occupation found by the Secretary of Labor to be particularly hazardous for the employment of children between the ages of sixteen and eighteen years or detrimental to their health or well-being) in any occupation, or (2) any employee between the ages of sixteen and eighteen years is employed by an employer in any occupation which the Secretary of Labor shall find and by order declare to be particularly hazardous for the employment of children between such ages or detrimental to their health or well-being; but oppressive child labor shall not be deemed to exist by virtue of the employment in any occupation of any person with respect to whom the employer shall have on file an unexpired certificate issued and held pursuant to regulations of the Secretary of Labor certifying that such person is above the oppressive child-labor age. The Secretary of Labor shall provide by regulation or by order that the employment of employees between the ages of fourteen and sixteen years in occupations other than manufacturing and mining shall not be deemed to constitute oppressive child labor if and to the extent that the Secretary of Labor determines that such employment is confined to periods which will not interfere with their schooling and to conditions which will not interfere with their health and well-being.
• option  - a unilateral right in a contract by which, for a specified time, the Government may elect to purchase additional supplies or services called for by the contract, or may elect to extend the term of the contract.
• option  - an agreement, contract, or transaction that is of the character of, or is commonly known to the trade as, an option, privilege, indemnity, bid, offer, put, call, advance guaranty, or decline guaranty.
• oral history  - a story or history consisting of personal recollection as recorded by any one or more of the following means: (1) Interviews.(2) Transcripts. (3) Audio recordings. (4) Video recordings. (5) Such other form or means as may be suitable for the recording and preservation of such information.
• oral sodomy  - contact between the mouth and the penis, the mouth and the vulva, or the mouth and the anus.
• order of battle  - The identification, strength, command structure, and disposition of the personnel, units, and equipment of any military force. Also called OB; OOB.
• order of deportation  - the order of the special inquiry officer, or other such administrative officer to whom the Attorney General has delegated the responsibility for determining whether an alien is deportable, concluding that the alien is deportable or ordering deportation. (B) The order described under subparagraph (A) shall become final upon the earlier of-(i) a determination by the Board of Immigration Appeals affirming such order; or(ii) the expiration of the period in which the alien is permitted to seek review of such order by the Board of Immigration Appeals.
• order of succession  - Provisions for the assumption of duties of senior Department officials during an emergency in the event that any of those officials are unavailable to perform their duties. Executive Order 13251 dated December 28, 2001, amended by EO 13261, dated March 19, 2002, provides an Order of Succession within the Department for the Office of Secretary of State.
• order to show cause  - A court order to present reasons why a person who failed to comply with a prior court directive should not be held in contempt of that court, and/ or why an earlier directive should not be confirmed or take effect.
• ordered departure  - 1. A procedure by which the number of United States Government personnel, their dependents, or both are reduced at a foreign service post. 2. Mandatory departure of some or all categories of personnel and dependents to designated safe havens as directed by the Department of State, with the implementation of the theater evacuation plan.
• ordnance handling  - Applies to those individuals who engage in the breakout, lifting, or repositioning of ordnance or explosive devices in order to facilitate storage or stowage, assembly or disassembly, loading or downloading, or transporting.
• ordnance  - Explosives, chemicals, pyrotechnics, and similar stores, e.g., bombs, guns and ammunition, flares, smoke, or napalm.
• organic  - Assigned to and forming an essential part of a military organization as listed in its table of organization for the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps, and are assigned to the operating forces for the Navy.
• organization chart  - diagram illustrating the structure of an organization and the relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/ jobs.
• organization code  - A six-digit number assigned to an organizational entity. The organization codes are established to identify the responsible and benefiting organizations for accounting, budgeting, cost accounting, payroll, personnel management and reporting, supplies, equipment and property accountability, and inventory management. Organization codes are assigned to domestic offices, posts abroad, and special offices abroad; points of origin abroad, destination, and locations of personnel; post activities, as required; other Federal agencies, international organizations, and other activities, as required. The organization codes authorized for Department of State and non-serviced agencies' worldwide use are established and maintained by CGFS/ FPRA/ FP, published in 4 FAH-1 H-400, Organization Structure, and included in the MRD.
• organization for combat  - In amphibious operations, task organization of landing force units for combat, involving combinations of command, ground and aviation combat, combat support, and combat service support units for accomplishment of missions ashore. See also amphibious operation; task organization.
• organization for embarkation  - In amphibious operations, an organization consisting of temporary landing force task organizations established by the commander, landing force and a temporary organization of Navy forces established by the commander, amphibious task force for the purpose of simplifying planning and facilitating the execution of embarkation. See also amphibious operation; embarkation; landing force; task organization.
• organization for landing  - In amphibious operations, the specific tactical grouping of the landing force for the assault.
• organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons  - This implementing body of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) has the mandate to achieve the object and purpose of the Convention to ensure the implementation of its provisions, including those for international verification of compliance with it, and to provide a forum for consultation and cooperation among states parties. Also called OPCW.
• organization heads  - the heads of all Departmental bureaus, offices, and operating units who are vested with the authority to make decisions affecting the organization.
• organization structure  - the assignment of functions and activities to a group of organizational components charged with a specific mission.
• organization  - any conservancy district, irrigation district, water users' association, or other organization, which is organized under State law and which has capacity to enter into contracts with the United States pursuant to the Federal reclamation laws.
• organization  - element with varied functions enabled by a structure through which individuals cooperate systematically to accomplish a mission and directly provide or support joint capabilities.
• organizational and change management risk  - risk associated with organizational-wide cultural resistance to change and standardization includes; risk associated with bypassing or lack of use or improper use or adherence to new systems and processes because of organizational structure and culture; inadequate training planning.
• organizational and force structure construct  - The standardized precepts for the digitization of hierarchical enterprise force structure data for Department of Defense-wide integration and use. Also called OFSC.
• organizational camp  - a public or semipublic camp that — (A) is developed on National Forest System lands by a nonprofit organization or governmental entity; (B) provides a valuable service to the public by using such lands as a setting to introduce young people or individuals with a disability to activities that they may not otherwise experience and to educate them on natural resource issues; and (C) does not have as its primary purpose raising revenue through commercial activities.
• organizational clothing and individual equipment  - an item of organizational clothing or equipment prescribed for wear or use with the uniform.
• organizational conflict of interest  - that because of other activities or relationships with other persons, a person is unable or potentially unable to render impartial assistance or advice to the Government, or the person’s objectivity in performing the contract work is or might be otherwise impaired, or a person has an unfair competitive advantage.
• organizational equipment  - equipment determined by the Administrator to be necessary to an emergency preparedness organization, as distinguished from personal equipment, and of such a type or nature as to require it to be financed in whole or in part by the Federal Government. Such term does not include those items which the local community normally uses in combating local disasters, except when required in unusual quantities dictated by the requirements of the emergency preparedness plans.
• organizational training plan  - document that identifies all required training for all employees within an organization.
• organized crime and drug enforcement task force  - The network of regional task forces that coordinates federal law enforcement efforts to combat the national and international organizations that cultivate, process, and distribute illicit drugs. Also called OCDETF.
• organized exchange  - a trading facility that- (A) permits trading- (i) by or on behalf of a person that is not an eligible contract participant; or (ii) by persons other than on a principal-to-principal basis; or (B) has adopted (directly or through another nongovernmental entity) rules that- (i) govern the conduct of participants, other than rules that govern the submission of orders or execution of transactions on the trading facility; and (ii) include disciplinary sanctions other than the exclusion of participants from trading.
• organized research  - all research and development activities of an institution that are separately budgeted and accounted for. It includes: (1) Sponsored research means all research and development activities that are sponsored by Federal and non-Federal agencies and organizations. This term includes activities involving the training of individuals in research techniques (commonly called research training) where such activities utilize the same facilities as other research and development activities and where such activities are not included in the instruction function. (2) University research means all research and development activities that are separately budgeted and accounted for by the institution under an internal application of institutional funds. University research, for purposes of this document, shall be combined with sponsored research under the function of organized research.
• organotin  - any compound or additive of tin bound to an organic ligand, that is used or intended to be used as biocide in an antifouling system.
• original check  - The initially authorized physical check for which a claim of either nonreceipt, loss, theft, destruction, or mutilation has been received.
• original classification authority  - An individual authorized in writing, either by the President, the Vice President, or by agency heads or other officials designated by the President, to classify information. Executive Order 13526 prescribes a uniform system for classifying, safeguarding, and declassifying national security information, including information relating to defense against transnational terrorism. Officials authorized to classify information at a specified level are also authorized to classify information at a lower level. Also called OCA.
• original classification authority  - an individual authorized in writing, either by the President, the Vice President, or by agency heads or other officials designated by the President, to classify information in the first instance.
• original classification authority  - person authorized in writing to classify information in the first instance authorization provided either by the President, the Vice President, or by agency heads or other officials designated by the President.
• original classification  - initial determination that information requires protection against unauthorized disclosure.
• original  - that member's most recent appointment in that component that is neither a promotion nor a demotion.
• originating medical treatment facility  - A medical facility that initially transfers a patient to another medical facility.
• originating office  - The office that requests the development, creation, revision, or elimination of a form.
• originator  - a person who (A) through the extension of credit or otherwise, creates a financial asset that collateralizes an asset-backed security; and (B) sells an asset directly or indirectly to a securitizer.
• orthopedic impairment  - a severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects a child's educational performance. The term includes impairments caused by a congenital anomaly, impairments caused by disease (e.g., poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis), and impairments from other causes (e.g., cerebral palsy, amputations, and fractures or burns that cause contractures).
• oscillating mine  - A hydrostatically controlled mine that maintains a pre-set depth below the surface of the water independent of the rise and fall of the tide. See also mine.
• oscillating mine  - A mine, hydrostatically controlled, which maintains a pre-set depth below the surface of the water independently of the rise and fall of the tide. See also mine.
• other budget items  - All non-personnel costs, e.g. equipment, supplies, etc.
• other costs  - all costs recorded on the books of the producer that are not product costs or period costs, such as interest.
• other fixed assets measurement area  - An area of the PRM that captures the performance of other assets such as vehicle fleets, facilities, and other equipment.
• other governmental programs  - all programs under State or local laws as well as all programs under Federal law other than those authorized by this title.
• other health impairment  - having limited strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment, that: (i) Is due to chronic or acute health problems such as asthma, attention deficit disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, diabetes, epilepsy, a heart condition, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, nephritis, rheumatic fever, sickle cell anemia, and Tourette syndrome; and (ii) Adversely affects a child's educational performance.
• other import restriction  - a limitation, prohibition, charge, or exaction other than duty, imposed on importation or imposed for the regulation of importation. The term does not include any orderly marketing agreement. other institutional activities - all activities of an institution except: (1) instruction, departmental research, organized research, and other sponsored activities, as defined above; (2) F&A cost activities; and (3) specialized service facilities. Other institutional activities include operation of residence halls, dining halls, hospitals and clinics, student unions, intercollegiate athletics, bookstores, faculty housing, student apartments, guest houses, chapels, theaters, public museums, and other similar auxiliary enterprises. This definition also includes any other categories of activities, costs of which are unallowable to sponsored agreements, unless otherwise indicated in the agreements.
• other market formula purchase  - a purchase of swine by a packer in which the pricing mechanism is a formula price based on any market other than the market for swine, pork, or a pork product.
• other purchase arrangement  - a purchase of swine by a packer that-(A) is not a negotiated purchase, swine or pork market formula purchase, negotiated formula purchase, or other market formula purchase; and (B) does not involve packer-owned swine.
• other recipient  - Any person or recipient other than a state or local government who is authorized to receive Federal assistance or procurement contracts. Includes any charitable or education institution.
• other senior officials  - Representatives of other Federal departments and agencies; State, tribal, or local governments; and the private sector or nongovernmental organizations who may participate in a Unified Coordination Group.
• other severely disabled  - an individual or class of individuals under a physical or mental disability, other than blindness, which (according to criteria established by the Committee after consultation with appropriate entities of the Federal Government and taking into account the views of non-Federal Government entities representing the disabled) constitutes a substantial handicap to employment and is of a nature that prevents the individual from currently engaging in normal competitive employment.
• other sponsored activities  - programs and projects financed by Federal and non-Federal agencies and organizations which involve the performance of work other than instruction and organized research. Examples of such programs and projects are health service projects, and community service programs. However, when any of these activities are undertaken by the institution without outside support, they may be classified as other institutional activities.
• other transaction  - transaction other than a procurement contract, grant, or cooperative agreement, as authorized by statute.
• other worker  - a qualified alien capable, at the time of petitioning, of performing unskilled labor, requiring less than two years training, not of a temporary or seasonal nature, and for which there are no qualified workers available in the United States.
• otherwise engaged in the trade of  - to be a freight forwarder or designated exporting agent, or a consignee or end user of the item to be exported or transferred.
• otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the United States  - subject to the jurisdiction of the United States by virtue of United States citizenship, United States vessel documentation or numbering, or as provided by international agreement to which the United States is a party.
• outbreak  - same definition as epidemic but is often used for a more limited geographic area.
• outcome  - The short, intermediate, or long-term consequence or visible result of treatment, particularly as it pertains to a patient’s return to societal function.
• outcomes  - The end result of government action, aggregated across multiple agencies and levels of government.
• outcrop  - any place where a formation is visible or substantially exposed at the surface.
• outer continental shelf facility  - an offshore facility which is located, in whole or in part, on the Outer Continental Shelf and is or was used for one or more of the following purposes: exploring for, drilling for, producing, storing, handling, transferring, processing, or transporting oil produced from the Outer Continental Shelf.
• outer continental shelf source  - any equipment, activity, or facility which (i) emits or has the potential to emit any air pollutant, (ii) is regulated or authorized under the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, and (iii) is located on the Outer Continental Shelf or in or on waters above the Outer Continental Shelf. Such activities include, but are not limited to, platform and drill ship exploration, construction, development, production, processing, and transportation. Emissions from any vessel servicing or associated with an OCS source, including emissions while at the OCS source or en route to or from the OCS source within 25 miles of the OCS source, shall be considered direct emissions from the OCS source. §7627. )
• outer continental shelf submerged lands  - This data includes lands covered by water at any stage of the tide, as distinguished from tidelands, which are attached to the mainland or an island and cover and uncover with the tide. Tidelands presuppose a high-water line as the upper boundary; whereas submerged lands do not.
• outer transport area  - In amphibious operations, an area inside the antisubmarine screen to which assault transports proceed initially after arrival in the objective area. See also inner transport area; transport area.
• outlays or expenditures  - Charges made to the project or program. They may be reported on a cash or accrual basis. For reports prepared on a cash basis, outlays are the sum of cash disbursements for direct charges for goods and services, the amount of indirect expense charged, the value of third party in-kind contributions applied, and the amount of cash advances and payments made to subrecipients. For reports prepared on an accrual basis, outlays are the sums of cash disbursements for direct charges for goods and services, the amount of indirect expense incurred, the value of in- kind contributions applied, and the net increase (or decrease) in the amounts owed by the recipient for goods and other property received. They are also charges for services performed by employees, contractors, subrecipients, and other payees and other amounts becoming owed under programs for which no current service or performance is required.
• outlays or expenditures  - charges made to the project or program. They may be reported on a cash or accrual basis. For reports prepared on a cash basis, outlays are the sum of cash disbursements for direct charges for goods and services, the amount of indirect expense charged, the value of third party in-kind contributions applied and the amount of cash advances and payments made to subrecipients. For reports prepared on an accrual basis, outlays are the sum of cash disbursements for direct charges for goods and services, the amount of indirect expense incurred, the value of in- kind contributions applied, and the net increase (or decrease) in the amounts owed by the recipient for goods and other property received, for services performed by employees, contractors, subrecipients and other payees and other amounts becoming owed under programs for which no current services or performance are required.
• outlying area  - 
(A) American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands; and
(B) the Republic of Palau, except during any period for which the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Education determine that a Compact of Free Association is in effect and contains provisions for training and education assistance prohibiting the assistance provided under this Act.
• outlying possessions of the United States  - American Samoa and Swains Island.
• outpatient facility  - a facility (located in or apart from a hospital) for the diagnosis or diagnosis and treatment of ambulatory patients (including ambulatory inpatients)- (1) which is operated in connection with a hospital, or (2) in which patient care is under the professional supervision of persons licensed to practice medicine or surgery in the State, or, in the case of dental diagnosis or treatment, under the professional supervision of persons licensed to practice dentistry in the State; or (3) which offers to patients not requiring hospitalization the services of licensed physicians in various medical specialties, and which provides to its patients a reasonably full-range of diagnostic and treatment services.
• outpatient medical emergency assistance  - Advance of pay assistance to employees working outside their country of employment who must pay immediately in full for the costs of outpatient treatment.
• outpatient medical facility  - a medical facility (located in or apart from a hospital) for the diagnosis or diagnosis and treatment of ambulatory patients (including ambulatory inpatients)- (A) which is operated in connection with a hospital, (B) in which patient care is under the professional supervision of persons licensed to practice medicine or surgery in the State, or in the case of dental diagnosis or treatment, under the professional supervision of persons licensed to practice dentistry in the State; or (C) which offers to patients not requiring hospitalization the services of licensed physicians in various medical specialties, and which provides to its patients a reasonably full-range of diagnostic and treatment services.
• outpatient status  - the status of a member of the Armed Forces assigned to- (A) a military medical treatment facility as an outpatient; or(B) a unit established for the purpose of providing command and control of members of the Armed Forces receiving medical care as outpatients.
• outputs  - The amount of work accomplished; discrete products, services, or information that pass from the IT program to the customer (business unit or citizen).
• outreach training  - training provided in support of an entity's goals to organizations or persons outside of the entity.
• outreach  - the act or process of reaching out in a systematic manner to proactively provide information, services, and benefits counseling to veterans, and to the spouses, children, and parents of veterans who may be eligible to receive benefits under the laws administered by the Secretary, to ensure that such individuals are fully informed about, and receive assistance in applying for, such benefits.
• outside piece  - A mail piece that fits within USPS size limits for the class of mail being sent, but will not fit into a USPS mail bag allowing the mail bag to be properly sealed once the item is inside (i.e. automobile tires).
• outsized cargo  - A single item that exceeds 1,000 inches long by 117 inches wide by 105 inches high in any one dimension. See also oversized cargo.
• outstanding professors and researchers  - a. An alien may qualify as a priority worker outstanding professor or researcher if the alien- (1) Is recognized internationally as outstanding in a specific academic area; (2) Has at least three years of experience in teaching or research in the academic area; and (3) Has the required offer of employment.
• outstanding status  - A check is identified as outstanding when it has been reported as issued in the Treasury’s Check Payment and Reconciliation (CP&R) system but has not yet been paid.
• over the counter drug  - a drug that may be sold without a prescription and which is prescribed by a physician (or other persons authorized to prescribe such drug under State law).
• over-the-horizon amphibious operation  - An operational initiative launched from beyond visual and radar range of the shoreline.
• over-the-road bus frontline employees  - over-the-road bus drivers, security personnel, dispatchers, maintenance and maintenance support personnel, ticket agents, other terminal employees, and other employees of an over-the-road bus operator or terminal owner or operator that the Secretary determines should receive security training under this subchapter.
• over-the-road bus  - a bus characterized by an elevated passenger deck located over a baggage compartment.
• overall risk of investment failure  - risk that the project/ investment will not result in the desired outcomes.
• overhead improvised explosive device emplacement  - improvised explosive device (IED) emplaced above the intended target, i.e., hanging from an overpass, on a roof, etc.
• overhead persistent infrared  - Those systems originally developed to detect and track foreign intercontinental ballistic missile systems. Also called OPIR.
• overhead  - Overhead includes two major categories of cost, operations overhead and general and administrative overhead. Operations overhead includes costs that are not 100 percent attributable to the activity being competed but are generally associated with the recurring management or support of the activity. General and administrative overhead includes salaries, equipment, space, and other tasks related to headquarters management, accounting, personnel, legal support, data processing management, and similar common services performed external to the activity, but in support of the activity being competed. A standard twelve percent overhead factor is an estimated federal agency overhead factor that is calculated in agency and public reimbursable cost estimates for streamlined and standard competitions.
• overlay  - A specification of security controls, control enhancements, supplemental guidance, and other supporting information employed during the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 800-53 tailoring process, intended to complement (and further refine) security control baselines. The overlay specification may be more stringent or less stringent than the original security control baseline specification and can be applied to multiple information systems.
• overlay  - a specification of security or privacy controls, control enhancements, supplemental guidance, and other supporting information employed during the tailoring process, that is intended to complement (and further refine) security control baselines. The overlay specification may be more stringent or less stringent than the original security control baseline specification and can be applied to multiple information systems. (See “tailoring” definition. )
• overnight  - The period during which lodging for sleeping facilities is authorized, usually during the hours of darkness between sunset and sunrise.
• overpressure  - The pressure resulting from the blast wave of an explosion referred to as “positive” when it exceeds atmospheric pressure and “negative” during the passage of the wave when resulting pressures are less than atmospheric pressure.
• overseas area  - any area situated outside the United States.
• overseas cashier  - an overseas cashier means a Class A or B cashier operating outside of the United States, Alaska, or Hawaii. An overseas cashier is an accountable officer under USDO authority, supervised by an U.S. citizen officer. Advances to overseas cashiers are made at personal risk, whereby the individual is personally responsible for any loss to the funds unless relieved of this responsibility. Advances at personal risk are charged to Department of the Treasury funds available to the servicing USDO. These advances are not charged to Department of State appropriations until replenishment takes place.
• overseas contingency operation  - a military operation outside the United States and its territories and possessions that is a contingency operation.
• overseas employees  - The term used for all employees regardless of citizenship, legal residency, and family status, who are recruited and employed under a direct-hire appointment, personal services agreement (PSA), or personal services contract (PSC) at a U.S. mission, or at an office of the American Institute in Taiwan, and who are under chief of mission authority. This does not include
• overseas environmental baseline guidance document  - A set of objective criteria and management practices developed by the Department of Defense to protect human health and the environment. Also called OEBGD.
• overseas military dependent child  - a child whose habitual residence is the United States according to United States law even though the child is residing outside the United States with a military parent.
• overseas military parent  - an individual who-(A) has custodial rights with respect to a child; and(B) is serving outside the United States as a member of the United States Armed Forces.
• overseas school  - any U.S. sponsored elementary or secondary school abroad participating in the Department of State's Consolidated Overseas Schools Assistance Program.
• overseas security policy board  - an interagency group of security professionals from the foreign affairs and intelligence communities who meet regularly to formulate security policy for U.S. missions abroad. The OSPB is chaired by the Assistant Secretary for Diplomatic Security. Also called OSPB.
• overseas unit  - a unit that is located outside the United States and its territories.
• overseas voter  - A) an absent uniformed services voter who, by reason of active duty or service is absent from the United States on the date of the election involved;
(B) a person who resides outside the United States and is qualified to vote in the last place in which the person was domiciled before leaving the United States; or
(C) a person who resides outside the United States and (but for such residence) would be qualified to vote in the last place in which the person was domiciled before leaving the United States.
• oversight agency for audit  - The Federal-awarding agency that provides the predominant amount of direct funding to a recipient not assigned a cognizant agency for audit. When there is no direct funding, the Federal agency with the predominant indirect funding shall assume the oversight responsibilities.
• oversight agency for audit  - the Federal awarding agency that provides the predominant amount of direct funding to a recipient not assigned a cognizant agency for audit. When there is no direct funding, the Federal agency with the predominant indirect funding shall assume the oversight responsibilities. The duties of the oversight agency for audit. Effective July 28, 2003, the following is added to this definition: A Federal agency with oversight for an auditee may reassign oversight to another Federal agency which provides substantial funding and agrees to be the oversight agency for audit. Within 30 days after any reassignment, both the old and the new oversight agency for audit shall notify the auditee, and, if known, the auditor of the reassignment.
• oversight  - responsibility and authority to monitor, review, inspect, investigate, analyze and evaluate management, operation, performance and processes.
• oversized cargo  - 1. Large items of specific equipment such as a barge, side loadable warping tug, causeway section, powered, or causeway section, nonpowered that require transport by sea. 2. Air cargo exceeding the usable dimension of a 463L pallet loaded to the design height of 96 inches, but equal to or less than 1,000 inches in length, 117 inches in width, and 105 inches in height. See also outsized cargo.
• overt operation  - An operation conducted openly, without concealment. See also clandestine operation; covert operation.
• overt  - Activities that are openly acknowledged by, or are readily attributable to, the United States Government, including those designated to acquire information through legal and open means without concealment through the use of observation, elicitation, or from knowledgeable human sources.Dictionary, JP 2‐01.2 )
• overt  — Activities that are openly acknowledged by, or are readily attributable to, the United States Government, including those designated to acquire information through legal and open means without concealment through the use of observation, elicitation, or from knowledgeable human sources.
• overtime pay  - payment made to employees who are required to work in excess of eight hours in a single day or in excess of 40 hours in one work week.
• overtime premium  - the difference between the contractor’s regular rate of pay to an employee for the shift involved and the higher rate paid for overtime. It does not include shift premium, i.e., the difference between the contractor's regular rate of pay to an employee and the higher rate paid for extra-pay-shift work.
• overtime work  - Subject to certain exceptions and exclusions set forth by law or regulation, overtime work generally includes work in excess of 8 hours in a day or in excess of 40 hours in an administrative workweek.
• overtime work  - work that is officially ordered and approved in writing by an authorized official and performed by employees in excess of 8 hours in a single day or in excess of 40 hours in an administrative workweek.
• overtime  - Authorized and performed work of full-time, part-time, and intermittent tours of duty performed by permanent or temporary employees in excess of 40 hours in an administrative workweek or eight hours in a day, whichever is greater and except as otherwise provided, Overtime. For FSNs, overtime is work performed in addition to the individuals basic workweek.
• overtime  - time worked by a contractor’s employee in excess of the employee’s normal workweek.
• own  - to hold rightful legal or equitable title to, or license in, the trade secret or proprietary information.
• owner or operator  - any person who owns, leases, operates, controls, or supervises a source.
• owner  - the person to whom the vessel belongs.
• ozone-depleting substance  - any substance the Environmental Protection Agency designates — (1) Class I, including, but not limited to, chlorofluorocarbons, halons, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform; or (2) Class II, including, but not limited to, hydrochlorofluorocarbons.
• ozone  - colorless unstable toxic gas with a pungent odor and powerful oxidizing properties formed from oxygen by electrical discharges or ultraviolet light.

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