Disaccharides

Disaccharides are a type of carbohydrate that consists of two monosaccharide units linked together. They are a form of sugar and include substances such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose.

Structure

The structure of disaccharides involves two monosaccharide units that are linked together by a glycosidic bond. This bond is formed through a dehydration synthesis reaction, where a molecule of water is removed. The resulting disaccharide is a more complex sugar that can be broken down into its constituent monosaccharides through the process of hydrolysis.

Types of Disaccharides

There are several types of disaccharides, each consisting of different types of monosaccharides and having different properties.

Sucrose

Sucrose is a disaccharide that consists of glucose and fructose. It is commonly known as table sugar and is the most commonly consumed disaccharide.

Lactose

Lactose is a disaccharide that consists of glucose and galactose. It is found in milk and dairy products. Some people are unable to digest lactose due to a deficiency in the enzyme lactase, leading to lactose intolerance.

Maltose

Maltose is a disaccharide that consists of two glucose units. It is less sweet than sucrose and is found in malted drinks and beers.

Role in Diet

Disaccharides play a significant role in the human diet. They provide a source of energy and are found in many foods, including fruits, vegetables, and grains. However, excessive consumption of disaccharides, particularly sucrose, can lead to health problems such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.

See Also

• Monosaccharides
• Polysaccharides
• Carbohydrates
• Sugar

Disaccharides Resources
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