Donald Davies

Donald-Davies_Welsh_computer_scientist

Donald Watts Davies (7 June 1924 – 28 May 2000) was a Welsh computer scientist who is best known for his pioneering work in the field of computer networking. He is credited with independently inventing the concept of packet switching, which is a fundamental technology used in the development of the Internet.

Early Life and Education

Donald Davies was born in Treorchy, Wales. He attended Imperial College London, where he studied physics and graduated with a first-class degree in 1943. He later pursued a PhD in mathematics at the same institution.

Career

National Physical Laboratory

In 1947, Davies joined the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) in Teddington, where he initially worked on the design and development of the Pilot ACE computer under the guidance of Alan Turing. The Pilot ACE was one of the earliest stored-program computers.

Packet Switching

In the mid-1960s, Davies began to explore the idea of packet switching as a more efficient method of data communication compared to the traditional circuit switching used in telephone networks. He proposed that data could be broken into smaller packets, sent independently across a network, and reassembled at the destination. This concept was crucial in the development of modern computer networks and the Internet.

Davies' work on packet switching was conducted independently of similar research by Paul Baran at the RAND Corporation in the United States. Both researchers are credited with the invention of packet switching, which became the foundation for the ARPANET and later the Internet.

Later Work

In the 1970s, Davies continued his work at the NPL, focusing on the development of the NPL network, one of the first packet-switched networks. He also contributed to the development of the X.25 protocol, which was widely used in early wide area networks (WANs).

Legacy

Donald Davies' contributions to computer science and networking have had a lasting impact on the field. His work on packet switching laid the groundwork for the development of the Internet, and he is remembered as one of the key figures in the history of computer networking.

Awards and Honors

Davies received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to computer science, including being named a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1987. He was also awarded the Computer Pioneer Award by the IEEE Computer Society in 1992.

Personal Life

Donald Davies was married and had two children. He passed away on 28 May 2000 in Esher, Surrey, England.

Related Pages

• Packet switching
• National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom)
• Pilot ACE
• Alan Turing
• Paul Baran
• ARPANET
• X.25
• Internet