Duiker

Duiker

The term "duiker" refers to a group of small to medium-sized antelopes found primarily in sub-Saharan Africa. These animals are known for their elusive nature and ability to "dive" into the underbrush when threatened, a behavior that has given them their name, derived from the Afrikaans word for "diver."

Taxonomy and Species

Duikers belong to the subfamily Cephalophinae within the family Bovidae. There are approximately 22 species of duikers, which are classified into three genera: *Cephalophus*, *Philantomba*, and *Sylvicapra*.

Genera and Species

• Genus *Cephalophus*

 * *Cephalophus niger* - Black duiker
 * *Cephalophus dorsalis* - Bay duiker
 * *Cephalophus silvicultor* - Yellow-backed duiker
 * *Cephalophus zebra* - Zebra duiker
 * *Cephalophus natalensis* - Natal red duiker
 * *Cephalophus monticola* - Blue duiker

• Genus *Philantomba*

 * *Philantomba maxwellii* - Maxwell's duiker
 * *Philantomba monticola* - Blue duiker
 * *Philantomba walteri* - Walter's duiker

• Genus *Sylvicapra*

 * *Sylvicapra grimmia* - Common duiker

Physical Characteristics

Duikers are generally small, with a body length ranging from 40 to 90 cm and a shoulder height of 30 to 60 cm. They have a compact, stocky build, with short legs and a slightly arched back. Their coats vary in color from reddish-brown to gray, often with distinctive markings such as stripes or spots.

Behavior and Ecology

Duikers are primarily solitary animals, although some species may form small family groups. They are known for their secretive and shy nature, often remaining hidden in dense vegetation. Duikers are predominantly browsers, feeding on leaves, fruits, flowers, and occasionally small animals or insects.

Habitat

Duikers inhabit a variety of environments, including forests, savannas, and bushlands. They are particularly adapted to dense, wooded areas where they can easily hide from predators.

Reproduction

Duikers have a gestation period of about 4 to 7 months, depending on the species. Typically, a single offspring is born, which is hidden in dense cover for protection during its early life.

Conservation Status

The conservation status of duiker species varies. Some, like the blue duiker (*Philantomba monticola*), are relatively widespread and not currently threatened. Others, such as the zebra duiker (*Cephalophus zebra*), are considered vulnerable due to habitat loss and hunting.

Also see

• Antelope
• Bovidae
• African wildlife
• Conservation in Africa