Duplication
(Redirected from Duplicates)
Duplication is a term used in genetics to describe a phenomenon where a region of DNA is duplicated, resulting in multiple copies of the same gene or sequence. This can occur as a result of various mutations and can lead to a variety of genetic disorders.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Duplication can occur as a result of several different mechanisms. These include:
- Unequal crossing over: This occurs during meiosis when the homologous chromosomes do not align perfectly, leading to one chromosome gaining a segment of DNA and the other losing it.
- Replication slippage: This occurs during DNA replication when the DNA polymerase slips and replicates a segment of DNA more than once.
- Transposable element: These are segments of DNA that can move around the genome and cause duplication if they insert into a gene or other functional region of DNA.
Effects[edit | edit source]
The effects of duplication can vary widely depending on the specific genes involved and the extent of the duplication. Some possible effects include:
- Gene dosage effects: If a gene is duplicated, it can lead to an overproduction of the protein it codes for, which can disrupt normal cellular function.
- Phenotypic variation: Duplications can contribute to phenotypic variation and evolution by providing extra genetic material that can mutate and evolve new functions.
- Genetic disorders: Some genetic disorders are caused by duplications of specific genes or regions of DNA. For example, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is caused by a duplication of the PMP22 gene.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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