Dysphoric mania

Dysphoric Mania is a term used to describe a specific manifestation of bipolar disorder. It is characterized by simultaneous symptoms of mania and depression, resulting in a state of agitation, restlessness, and despair.

Definition

Dysphoric Mania, also known as mixed episode or mixed state, is a condition where features of mania and depression occur simultaneously. The term "dysphoric" refers to the presence of distressing symptoms, typically of depression, within a manic episode.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Dysphoric Mania are a combination of manic and depressive episodes. These may include:

• Irritability
• Agitation
• Insomnia
• Psychomotor agitation
• Suicidal ideation
• Racing thoughts
• Distractibility

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Dysphoric Mania is complex due to the simultaneous occurrence of manic and depressive symptoms. It is typically diagnosed by a psychiatrist or clinical psychologist through a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's symptoms, history, and mental status examination.

Treatment

Treatment for Dysphoric Mania typically involves a combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. Medications such as mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and antidepressants may be used. Psychotherapy techniques such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and family-focused therapy can also be beneficial.

See also

• Bipolar disorder
• Mania
• Depression
• Mixed state