EGTA (chemical)

EGTA (Ethyleneglycol-tetraacetic acid) is a chelating agent specifically used to bind and render inactive certain metal ions. This molecule is particularly effective at sequestering calcium ions, which are essential for many biological processes. EGTA is commonly used in biological and biochemical research to control the concentration of calcium ions in a solution.

Structure and Properties

EGTA is a polyamino carboxylic acid, similar to the better-known EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid). It has a high affinity for calcium ions, forming stable, water-soluble complexes with them. The calcium-EGTA complex is highly stable, with a dissociation constant in the micromolar range.

Uses

EGTA is widely used in biological research to control the concentration of calcium ions in a solution. This is important because calcium ions play a key role in many biological processes, including muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, and cell signaling. By binding to calcium ions, EGTA can prevent these processes from occurring, allowing researchers to study the effects of calcium depletion.

In addition to its use in research, EGTA is also used in some industrial applications. For example, it is used in the production of paper and textiles to control the concentration of calcium ions in the processing solutions.

Safety

EGTA is generally considered to be safe for use in laboratory and industrial settings. However, like all chemicals, it should be handled with care. Direct contact with the skin or eyes can cause irritation, and ingestion or inhalation can cause harm.

See Also

• EDTA
• Chelation therapy
• Calcium signaling