EMR1

EMR1 (Egf-Like Module Containing, Mucin-Like, Hormone Receptor-Like 1), also known as F4/80, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EMR1 gene. This gene is a member of the adhesion GPCR family, which is a part of the larger G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. The EMR1 protein is predominantly expressed in macrophages, a type of white blood cells that are crucial to the immune system for defending the body against infectious diseases and foreign materials.

Function

EMR1 is involved in various cellular processes, including the regulation of immune response, cell adhesion, and cell migration. Its role is particularly significant in the context of inflammation and immune surveillance. The protein's structure includes an extracellular region with EGF-like domains, which are important for its interaction with other cells and molecules in the immune system.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the expression of EMR1 have been associated with several diseases, including inflammatory diseases, cancer, and autoimmune disorders. Due to its high expression in macrophages, EMR1 is considered a marker for these cells in various tissues and pathological conditions. Research into EMR1's function and regulation may provide insights into the development of new therapeutic strategies for diseases involving macrophages.

Research

In research, the EMR1 protein, particularly its murine homolog F4/80, is widely used as a marker to identify and isolate macrophages from tissues. Studies involving EMR1 also focus on understanding its role in the differentiation and function of macrophages, as well as its involvement in disease mechanisms.

See Also

• G protein-coupled receptor
• Macrophage
• Immune system
• Inflammation