Elaeocarpus

Elaeocarpus sylvestris6

Elaeocarpus dentatus 11

Elaeocarpus grandiflorus flowers at Munnar (1)

Elaeocarpus tuberculatus flowers 04

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繁花薯豆 Elaeocarpus mullorus 20220911103816 01

Elaeocarpus is a genus of tropical and subtropical trees and shrubs, belonging to the family Elaeocarpaceae. The genus is notable for its diversity of species, which are found in a wide range of habitats from Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands. Elaeocarpus species are recognized for their distinctive flowers, often with fringed petals, and their blue, olive-shaped fruits, which are a source of food for various species of birds and mammals. The genus includes both evergreen and deciduous species, with leaves that are typically alternately arranged and simple in form.

Description

Elaeocarpus species vary greatly in size and form, ranging from small shrubs to large trees. The leaves are generally simple, with serrated or smooth edges, and are arranged alternately on the branches. The flowers of Elaeocarpus are usually white or blue, with a distinctive fringed appearance due to the lobed petals. These flowers are often arranged in racemes and are followed by the characteristic olive-shaped fruits, which contain a single large seed.

Ecology

Elaeocarpus species play a significant role in their ecosystems. The trees are an important source of nectar and pollen for a variety of pollinators, including bees, butterflies, and birds. The fruits are consumed by various bird species, which help in seed dispersal. Elaeocarpus trees are found in a range of habitats, from rainforests to montane forests, indicating their adaptability to different environmental conditions.

Uses

Several species of Elaeocarpus are of economic importance. The timber of some species is valued for its hardness and durability, making it suitable for construction and furniture. Additionally, the fruits of certain species are edible, though they are not widely consumed by humans. In traditional medicine, various parts of Elaeocarpus plants, including leaves and fruits, have been used for their medicinal properties.

Conservation

While many Elaeocarpus species are common and not considered at risk, there are several species that are threatened by habitat loss and deforestation. Conservation efforts are necessary to protect these species from extinction, including habitat preservation and the establishment of protected areas.

Selected Species

• Elaeocarpus angustifolius – Blue Marble Tree
• Elaeocarpus dentatus – Hinau
• Elaeocarpus ganitrus – Rudraksha Tree
• Elaeocarpus sylvestris – Japanese Blue Oak

See Also

• Tropical rainforest
• Seed dispersal
• Traditional medicine