Elastase

Elastase is a type of enzyme that breaks down elastin, a protein that gives elasticity to tissues in the body. It is produced by certain white blood cells and is involved in the body's immune response. There are several types of elastase, including neutrophil elastase and pancreatic elastase, which are produced in different parts of the body and have different functions.

Function

Elastase helps the body to fight infections by breaking down the walls of bacteria, making them easier for the immune system to destroy. It also plays a role in inflammation, a process that helps to protect the body from injury and infection. However, if too much elastase is produced, it can damage healthy tissues and contribute to diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis.

Role in Disease

Elastase has been implicated in a number of diseases. In COPD, for example, an overproduction of elastase can lead to the destruction of lung tissue, making it difficult for the person to breathe. In cystic fibrosis, a genetic mutation causes the body to produce a thick, sticky mucus that can block the airways and lead to lung infections. Elastase is thought to contribute to the damage to the lungs in this disease.

Measurement

The level of elastase in the body can be measured using a blood test or a stool test. These tests can help doctors to diagnose conditions such as pancreatic insufficiency, a condition in which the pancreas does not produce enough enzymes to digest food properly.

Treatment

In some cases, drugs that inhibit the action of elastase can be used to treat conditions such as COPD and cystic fibrosis. These drugs work by reducing the amount of elastase in the body, helping to prevent damage to tissues.

See Also

• Enzyme
• White blood cells
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Cystic fibrosis
• Pancreatic insufficiency

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