Epalrestat

Epalrestat

Epalrestat is an aldose reductase inhibitor used globally for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. It is currently the only aldose reductase inhibitor that has been approved for clinical use.

Mechanism of Action

Epalrestat works by inhibiting the enzyme aldose reductase. Aldose reductase is the first enzyme in the polyol pathway, and it is responsible for the conversion of glucose into sorbitol. In individuals with diabetes, excess glucose can enter the polyol pathway, leading to an accumulation of sorbitol which can cause cellular damage. By inhibiting aldose reductase, epalrestat prevents the accumulation of sorbitol and thereby helps to prevent or slow the progression of diabetic neuropathy.

Clinical Use

Epalrestat is used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, a common complication of diabetes that affects the nerves. Diabetic neuropathy can cause a variety of symptoms, including pain, numbness, and weakness in the extremities. Epalrestat has been shown to improve these symptoms and slow the progression of neuropathy in individuals with diabetes.

Side Effects

Like all medications, epalrestat can cause side effects. The most common side effects of epalrestat include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. In rare cases, it can cause more serious side effects such as liver damage or skin rash.

Pharmacokinetics

Epalrestat is taken orally and is absorbed rapidly from the gastrointestinal tract. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine.

See Also

• Diabetic neuropathy
• Aldose reductase inhibitor
• Polyol pathway
• Diabetes