Epinastine

Epinastine is a second-generation antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer that is used in eye drops to prevent itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. It was patented in 1980 and came into medical use in 1989. Epinastine is sold under various brand names such as Alesion, Elestat, Relestat, and Purivist.

Etymology

The term "Epinastine" is derived from its chemical name, which is 3-amino-9,13b-dihydro-1H-dibenz[c,f]imidazo[1,5-a]azepine.

Pharmacology

Epinastine is a selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist that inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells. It also inhibits the release of leukotriene and other mediators involved in the allergic response. Epinastine has a rapid onset of action and a long duration of effect, which makes it suitable for once or twice daily dosing.

Clinical Use

Epinastine is used in the form of eye drops to prevent itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. It is also used to treat rhinitis, a condition that causes a runny nose, sneezing, and itching. Epinastine is well tolerated with minimal side effects.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of Epinastine include headache, dry mouth, and somnolence. Rare side effects can include palpitations, rash, and hypersensitivity reactions.

Related Terms

• Antihistamine: A type of medication that blocks the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms.
• Mast cell stabilizer: A type of medication that prevents the release of inflammation-causing chemicals from mast cells.
• Allergic conjunctivitis: An eye condition caused by an allergic reaction that results in red, itchy, and watery eyes.
• Leukotriene: A type of chemical that causes inflammation in the body.

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  Epinastine structure diagram
• Epinastine 3D ball model
  Epinastine 3D ball model